Bird poisoning following the use of warble fly treatments containing famphur

Felton, C L; Brown, Peter; Fletcher, M. R.; Stanley, P.I.; Quick, MP; Machin, A F

doi:10.1136/vr.108.20.440

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Famphur, a warble fly treatment in cattle, has killed birds in several incidents. Magpies, in UK and USA, and small birds have been affected, with brain esterase inhibition and famphur residues in gizzard contents; most dead birds were found near cattle yards a few days after the treatment (Felton et al 1981;Heinz et al 1979). Hill and Mendenhall (1980) showed that predatory birds eating prey poisoned by famphur would be at risk from secondary poisoning.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture and Environment

Bhattarai¹,

Conway

2020

Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research

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COVER ILLUSTRATIONA mosaic of agriculture, forestry and semi-natural habitats at the edge of the hills. Feughside, Finzean, Kincardineshire, September 1984 (PhotograPh N Picozzi)The Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) was established in 1973, from the former Nature Conservancy's research stations and staff, joined later by the Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to, and draws upon, the collective knowledge of the 14 sister institutes which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences.The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man-made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources.

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Section: Miscellaneous Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture and Environment

Bhattarai¹,

Conway

2020

Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research

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“…Magpie populations declined in the western states o f the USA between 1968 and 1979; this was linked to the deaths o f Black-billed magpies {Pica hudsonia) attributed to exposure to famphur up to three months after cattle had been treated for cattle warbles (Henny et al, 1985). Also, magpies {Pica pica) were found dead in the U.K. after cattle were treated with famphur (Felton et al, 1981). Similarly, there were approximately 520 recorded incidents o f raptor mortality resulting from ChE-inhibiting pesticides in the USA, U.K., and Canada in the period o f 1985-1995 (Mineau et al, 1999).…”

Section: Bird Mortality Due To Exposure To Anticholinesterase Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermal exposure and transport of selected organophosphate pesticides in neotropical migratory songbirds

Alharbi¹

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The author has granted a non exclusive license allowing Library and Archives Canada to reproduce, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, communicate to the public by telecommunication or on the Internet, loan, distrbute and sell theses worldwide, for commercial or non commercial purposes, in microform, paper, electronic and/or any other formats. AVIS: L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou autres formats. Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans la pagination, il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant.

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Routes of uptake and their relative contribution to the toxicologic response of Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) to an organophosphate pesticide

Driver

Drown

Ligotke

et al. 1991

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Ingestion of contaminated food is considered the primary route of exposure in birds to agricultural chemicals. Routes of exposure other than ingestion are not often considered in risk assessments of agricultural chemicals to avian wildlife. However, recent studies demonstrated anorexic or avoidance behaviors in birds exposed to organophosphate (OP) insecticides. These behaviors would tend to limit exposure if ingestion alone were considered. The contribution, if any, of dermal, preening, and respiratory pathways to the exposure of birds to pesticides under field conditions is unknown. In addition, oral exposures are currently assessed in artificial environments that do not reflect real‐life exposure scenarios. To determine the relative contribution of these pathways and to assess exposures under ecological conditions, 270 northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) were exposed to simulated aerial crop applications of methyl parathion in an environmentally controlled wind tunnel. The wind tunnel environment consisted of a 25‐cm cotton plant canopy, a 5‐cm‐thick floor of silt‐loam, a temperature of 25°C, 50% RH, UV intensity similar to summer sunlight, and a wind speed of 3.2 km/h. Inhalation, preening, and dermal routes were isolated in groups of birds exposed to each application. Five birds from each group were collected at 1, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h post‐spray to determine cholinesterase (ChE) response to the exposures. Contaminated and uncontaminated darkling beetle (Tenebrio molitar) larvae were presented to free‐ranging sprayed birds in the wind tunnel to assess oral uptake. ChE response was determined at 4, 8, 24, and 48 h postspray. All exposures were replicated. All four routes contributed to the inhibition of brain ChE at different post‐spray periods. Dermal uptake and preening were major contributors to the overall dose and toxic response of birds to methyl parathion. Inhalation was the major route of exposure at 1 h post‐spray. At 4 h post‐spray, uptake through preening caused the greatest inhibition of brain ChE activity. Oral ingestion resulted in less than 20% inhibition of brain ChE during the test. Routes of uptake in order of contribution to toxicologic response from 8 to 48 h post‐spray were dermal > preening ≥ oral > inhalation.

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Bird poisoning following the use of warble fly treatments containing famphur

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Agriculture and Environment

Agriculture and Environment

Dermal exposure and transport of selected organophosphate pesticides in neotropical migratory songbirds

Routes of uptake and their relative contribution to the toxicologic response of Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) to an organophosphate pesticide

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