Birds and Climatic Change

The establishment of a population of GoldeneyesBucephala clangulabreeding in Scotland

“…Of 27 females ringed in 1980 and 1981 there were eight instances of females returning to the study area to breed, three of them to the same nest box as the preceding year. (Williamson 1975, Murray 1979. Presumably these climatic changes, in conjunction with the widespread availability of Goldeneye nest boxes, encouraged a few individuals to remain and breed in Scotland inclusive.…”

Correlates of the change in Ring OuzelTurdus torquatusabundance in Scotland from 1988–91 to 1999

“…Numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain Ring Ouzel declines, including afforestation (Tyler & Green 1989, Avery & Leslie 1990, changes in agriculture (Cadbury 1993), climate change (Williamson 1975), acid deposition (Tyler & Green 1994, Chamberlain et al 2000 and an increase in predators (Thompson et al 1997, Appleyard 1994, particularly raptors (Hurford 1996). While a number of recent studies have provided valuable information on the ecology and detailed habitat requirements of breeding Ring Ouzels in Britain (Tyler & Green 1994, Arthur & White 2001, Rebecca 2001, Burfield 2002, the relative importance of the different potential causes of decline remain unknown.…”

Autumn Migration Of The Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia Luscinia) In Northern Hungary

“…Recently, research on many indicator species has become increasingly important. Within the last decades, many migrant passerines have changed in their migration phenology (Cotton 2003, Lehikoinen et al 2004, Crick and Sparks 2006, Zalakevicius et al 2006, moulting (Hedenström et al 2007), the timing of breeding (Crick et al 1997, Forchhammer et al 2002, Both et al 2004, distribution factors (Berthold 1993, Crick 2004, Seather et al 2004) and biometrics (Yom-Tov et al 2006), presumably due to climatic factors (Williamson 1975, Lundberg and Edholm 1982, Berthold 1990). Short-and medium-distance migrants adapt more quickly to changed conditions than long-distance migrant species subjected to stronger genetic controls (Berthold 1996, Pulido et al 2001, Butler 2003.…”