Birds of Greenland

Boertmann, David; Meltofte, Hans; Mosbech, Anders

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.11922-0

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The dominance of the cold East Greenland Current on the shelf and the influence of the warmer Irminger Current along the slope (Våge et al, 2011) create a front and a transition zone, where boreal and Arctic species live (Emblemsvåg et al, 2020; Jørgensen et al, 2015). According to a recent analysis from more northern regions in east Greenland, which also host fronts between Arctic and Atlantic water masses, this thermal front is highly productive offering beneficial conditions for phytoplankton (Bluhm et al, 2020; Boertmann et al, 2020; Frey, 2018). Such transition areas are expected to represent a hotspot for the impacts of climate change because species often live close to their boundary of thermal affinity, where they respond quickly to changes in the environment (Frainer et al, 2017; Fredston‐Hermann et al, 2020; Horta e Costa et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep demersal fish communities respond rapidly to warming in a frontal region between Arctic and Atlantic waters

Emblemsvåg

Werner

Núñez‐Riboni

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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The most prominent impact of climate warming on marine ecosystems are distributional shifts in fish, which influence species interactions and food web organization. For shallow continental shelf seas, this usually implies a poleward shift or movement to deeper waters to retreat in cold water refuges (Dahlke et al., 2018;Fossheim et al., 2015;Pinsky et al., 2013). Although more than 90% of the habitable oceans' volume lies below 200 m, long-term studies of biodiversity in slope and deep-sea regions are rare (Danovaro et al., 2020;Howell et al., 2020;Levin and Bris, 2015). It has often been proposed that the rapidity of species' responses to climate change decreases with depth because deeper waters are thermally more stable (Levin and Bris, 2015;Van der Spoel, 1994;Yasuhara et al., 2014). However, rapid responses in the abundance of deep-sea biotas, such as fish, nematodes and amphipods, to changing environmental conditions at the surface indicate that processes such as changes in primary productivity can trigger unexpectedly fast responses in the deep

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep demersal fish communities respond rapidly to warming in a frontal region between Arctic and Atlantic waters

Emblemsvåg

Werner

Núñez‐Riboni

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…The population in Greenland is classified as a subspecies, ( H. albicilla groenlandicus Brehm, CL, 1831) due to its comparatively larger body size (Salomonsen, 1979). The number of breeding pairs in Greenland has increased in recent decades, from less than 75 pairs (Hansen, 1979) to around 200 pairs today (Boertmann & Bay, 2018). Similarly, the population in Iceland plummeted to around 20 pairs before conservation efforts were enacted in 1914, but did not increase in numbers until a ban on fox poisoning was introduced in 1964 although at a slow rate (Petersen, 1998; Skarphéðinsson, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic diversity and differentiation between island and mainland populations of white‐tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla)

et al. 2023

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Divergence in the face of high dispersal capabilities is a documented but poorly understood phenomenon. The white‐tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) has a large geographic dispersal capability and should theoretically be able to maintain genetic homogeneity across its dispersal range. However, following analysis of the genomic variation of white‐tailed eagles, from both historical and contemporary samples, clear signatures of ancient biogeographic substructure across Europe and the North‐East Atlantic is observed. The greatest genomic differentiation was observed between island (Greenland and Iceland) and mainland (Denmark, Norway and Estonia) populations. The two island populations share a common ancestry from a single mainland population, distinct from the other sampled mainland populations, and despite the potential for high connectivity between Iceland and Greenland they are well separated from each other and are characterized by inbreeding and little variation. Temporal differences also highlight a pattern of regional populations persisting despite the potential for admixture. All sampled populations generally showed a decline in effective population size over time, which may have been shaped by four historical events: (1) Isolation of refugia during the last glacial period 110–115,000 years ago, (2) population divergence following the colonization of the deglaciated areas ~10,000 years ago, (3) human population expansion, which led to the settlement in Iceland ~1100 years ago, and (4) human persecution and exposure to toxic pollutants during the last two centuries.

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“…Being benthic organisms, changes in species distribution and composition towards the pole may be a reliable indicator of environmental changes towards optimal or suboptimal conditions integrating several and interactive drivers, such as not only temperature, but also derived changes in ice cover and light conditions. Distribution of macroalgal species is hence a result of structuring factors and the species' dependence of or tolerance to the conditions (e.g., Wilce 2016, Lindstrom 2009, Wulff et al 2009, Lüning 1990), but also of site of origin, diversi cation and migration routes with time (e.g., Bringloe (Lüning 1990), nutrients and temperature, which may in uence photosynthesis and respiration, reproductive processes and life history (e.g., de Bettignies et al 2018, Lüning 1990), as well as sea ice conditions, which again may act as a complex driver on the macroalgal ora by scouring, reducing light conditions and/or dampening wave exposure (e.g., Wegeberg et In general, in the Arctic, latitudes are a proxy for a combination of these drivers, thus with increasing latitudes, light availability and temperature are decreasing and sea ice cover (% coverage and ice days) is increasing (Boertmann et al 2020(Boertmann et al , 2017. However, sea temperature may be determined by ocean currents and water masses, which also may possess signi cant differences in nutrient conditions (Wegeberg et al 2018, and references herein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of high-latitude macroalgal flora: Greenland macroalgal diversity in a North Atlantic and macroecological perspective

Wegeberg

2023

Preprint

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Marine flora distribution change modelling is of high interest in order to investigate the implications of ocean warming due to climate changes. With respect to the Arctic, Greenland is a major player, but due to limited floristic data, including sporadic and difficult accessible historical data, public available data is lacking. Here is presented the Greenland macroalgal flora diversity and distribution, providing a baseline, based on historical and present knowledge, and analyse the distributional patterns within Greenland, but also in a Polar and North Atlantic perspective. Species presence and distribution in Greenland are compiled from literature and from species lists prepared by Greenland macroalgae taxonomists. Macroalgal species numbers are compiled from literature for other countries/regions represented in the North Atlantic. The data set has been analysed in a national biogeographic context, as well as in a polar macroecological perspective, using the (R + C)/P index. A total macroalgal species number of 176 species, divided into 49 Rhodophyta, 79 Phaeophyceae, and 48 Chlorophyta species, were found for Greenland, distributed along a latitudinal gradient from 60-83°N, and whereas 134 and 144 species were registered for the east and west coast, respectively. In general, a linear decline in species number from south to north was observed, as well as on the transverse transect in the northern North Atlantic, with a general higher fraction of Phaeophycean species in the north. A distributional baseline and a checklist for the Greenland macroalgal flora are provided.

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Birds of Greenland

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Deep demersal fish communities respond rapidly to warming in a frontal region between Arctic and Atlantic waters

Deep demersal fish communities respond rapidly to warming in a frontal region between Arctic and Atlantic waters

Genomic diversity and differentiation between island and mainland populations of white‐tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla)

Biogeography of high-latitude macroalgal flora: Greenland macroalgal diversity in a North Atlantic and macroecological perspective

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