“…Since then, studies of breeding birds in the Madrean Sky Islands have focused almost entirely on the United States (e.g., Balda 1969, Corman and Wise-Gervais 2005, Kirkpatrick et al 2006, and those in Mexico remain either largely qualitative (Flesch andHahn 2005, Flesch 2008) or of limited spatial and taxonomic scope (Landres and Mac-Mahon 1983). Similarly, studies in the neighboring northern SMO have focused on a few species of concern such as Thick-billed Parrots (Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha), Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis lucida), and Eared Quetzals (Euptilotis neoxenus; Lanning and Shiflett 1983, Young et al 1998, Monterrubio-Rico and Enkerlin-Hoeflich 2004, Gonz alez-Rojas et al 2008, with gaps of knowledge increasing to the south in more humid regions of the SMO (Stager 1954, Medina-Mac ıas et al 2010, Flesch et al 2015. Thus, although we know pine-oak woodland supports a rich community of breeding birds in this region of Mexico, and understand habitat use by some species in the region based largely on work in the United States (Stromberg 1990, Hall and Mannan 1999, Conway and Kirkpatrick 2007, Kirkpatrick and Conway 2010, Ganey et al 2015, the abundance and habitat relationships of breeding birds have not been assessed quantitatively at large scales or across a full range of montane vegetation communities and breeding species in Mexico.…”