Birefringence imaging of human skin by polarization-sensitive spectral interferometric optical coherence tomography

Yasuno, Yoshiaki; Makita, Shuichi; Sutoh, Y.; Itoh, Masahide; Yatagai, Toyohiko

doi:10.1364/ol.27.001803

Cited by 184 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…3). OCT contrast enhancement (prerequisite 3) has been accomplished by introducing polarization-sensitive OCT, [24][25][26][27][28] phasesensitive OCT, [29][30][31][32][33] optical coherence elastography, [34][35][36][37][38][39] spectroscopic low coherence interferometry, [40][41][42][43] elastic scattering spectroscopy, 31,[44][45][46] and nonlinear interferometric vibrational imaging (NIVI), as well as employing endogenous or exogenous contrast. [47][48][49][50][51][52] In this paper, a recently developed contrast improvement for OCT, named label-free optical angiography, is reviewed (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography today: speed, contrast, and multimodality

Drexler¹,

Li²,

Kumar³

et al. 2014

J. Biomed. Opt

432

264

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Abstract. In the last 25 years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has advanced to be one of the most innovative and most successful translational optical imaging techniques, achieving substantial economic impact as well as clinical acceptance. This is largely owing to the resolution improvements by a factor of 10 to the submicron regime and to the imaging speed increase by more than half a million times to more than 5 million A-scans per second, with the latter one accomplished by the state-of-the-art swept source laser technologies that are reviewed in this article. In addition, parallelization of OCT detection, such as line-field and full-field OCT, has shortened the acquisition time even further by establishing quasi-akinetic scanning. Besides the technical improvements, several functional and contrast-enhancing OCT applications have been investigated, among which the label-free angiography shows great potential for future studies. Finally, various multimodal imaging modalities with OCT incorporated are reviewed, in that these multimodal implementations can synergistically compensate for the fundamental limitations of OCT when it is used alone. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography today: speed, contrast, and multimodality

Drexler¹,

Li²,

Kumar³

et al. 2014

J. Biomed. Opt

432

264

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first spectral domain systems were developed in 2002 [77], and since 2008 also swept sources are in use [78,79]. The implementation PS-OCT in fiber optics is challenging, because standard optical fibers introduce birefringence and cross-talk between the polarization axes.…”

Section: Polarization Sensitive Octmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography—current technology and applications in clinical and biomedical research

et al. 2011

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique providing real-time twoand three-dimensional images of scattering samples with micrometer resolution. Mapping the local reflectivity, OCT visualizes the morphology of the sample. In addition, functional properties such as birefringence, motion or the distribution of certain substances can be detected with high spatial resolution. The main field of application is bio-medical imaging and diagnostics. In ophthalmology, OCT is accepted as a clinical standard for diagnosing and monitoring treatment of a number of retinal diseases, and OCT is becoming an important instrument for clinical cardiology. New applications are emerging in various medical fields, e. g. early-stage cancer detection, surgical guidance, and early diagnosis of musculoskeletal diseases. OCT has also proven its value as a tool for developmental biology. The number of companies involved in manufacturing OCT systems has increased substantially during the last years-especially due to its success in opthalmology-and this technology can be expected to continue to spread into various fields of application.

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“…Birefringence, an optical property that results from structure and composition of a substance or an object, can be used to identify structural orders in both biologic [1][2][3][4][5] and non-biologic materials [6][7]. In particular, measurement of the birefringence of biological materials has the potential to provide information on dynamic changes in the tissue structure [4] and to eliminate the signal degradation and artifacts commonly encountered when using optical imaging modalities [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade the interest in studying the propagation of polarized light in birefringent media has significantly increased [8][9]. Polarization-based theoretical methods, such as timeresolved [10] and Mie theory-based [11] Monte Carlo algorithms, and experimental techniques, such as polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) [1][2][3][4] and cross-polarized confocal laser scanning microscopy (CPCLSM) [12][13] have advanced the understanding of birefringence in biological tissues. These theoretical and experimental tools were used to characterize a change in polarization of light due to birefringent properties of biological tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast improvement in scattered light confocal imaging of skin birefringent structures by depolarization detection

Varghese

Verhagen

Tai

et al. 2011

Journal of Biophotonics

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Journal of BIOPHOTONICSHere we describe a method for enhancing the contrast in imaging skin birefringent structures. The method relies on polarization-dependent optical properties and is implemented using cross polarized confocal microscopy. The experimental data obtained using ex-vivo and invivo measurements on human scalp hairs and human skin demonstrate a significant dependence of the change in polarization of light that interacted with the birefringent hair on the orientation of the incident polarization. The polarization dependent contrast, defined as the ratio of intensity measured for different orientations of the incident polarization when observed using cross polarized confocal microscopy furthermore depends on the hair type/degree of pigmentation and on the focusing depth inside the hair. No such dependence was observed for the upper skin layers, including the stratum corneum and epidermis. We propose a new method for enhancing the contrast between the skin and the birefringent hair by the use of cross polarized confocal microscopy combined with the variation of the polarization of the incoming light. Potential applications of this method include imaging of hairs for assessing the efficacy of hair removal methods and measurement of skin birefringence. The underestimation of the birefringence content resulting from the orientation related effects associated with the use of linearly polarized light for imaging tissues containing wavy birefringent structures could be minimized by this method.CPCLSM images obtained in-vivo with the direction of incident polarization at different angles to the orientation of the hair axis.

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Birefringence imaging of human skin by polarization-sensitive spectral interferometric optical coherence tomography

Cited by 184 publications

References 7 publications

Optical coherence tomography today: speed, contrast, and multimodality

Optical coherence tomography today: speed, contrast, and multimodality

Optical coherence tomography—current technology and applications in clinical and biomedical research

Contrast improvement in scattered light confocal imaging of skin birefringent structures by depolarization detection

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