Birth control in Britain

Pierce, Rachel; Rowntree, Griselda

doi:10.1080/00324728.1961.10406065

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…To all these, and, in particular, to the interviewers our profound thanks are due. Part of the survey, dealing with aspects of fertility and family planning, has been published (Pierce & Rowntree 1961). A paper on preparation for, and problems of adjustment to marriage, has been prepared at the special request of the National Marriage Guidance Council (Pierce 1962).…”

Section: The Present Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 3000 men and women, aged 16 to 59 inclusive, both single and evermarried were interviewed, the actual interviewing being carried out by Gallup Poll interviewers. The design of the sample, and the organization of the inter viewing and some tests of representativeness are fully described in the paper by Pierce & Rowntree (1961) analyzing the birth control information in the survey. The organization of the work was complex, because it was necessary to obtain information from young people, not included in the electoral register, and nearly 18000 households had to be visited to obtain the 3000 interviews.…”

Section: The Present Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with the age at marriage in Britain

1963

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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The analysis of marriage data has been neglected by demographers until a relatively late stage in the development of the subject. In the earlier stages of population study interest was focused on mortality, and the techniques for measuring mortality had been more or less perfected by the middle of the nineteenth century (Glass 1956). Deaths were studied by means of age-specific mortality rates, and it was to be expected that when the analysis of fertility became the centre of interest, similar techniques would be employed. Fertility rates were regarded as a function of the age distribution of the female population, and age-specific fertility rates, combined into gross and net reproduction rates, became the principal tool of replacement and fertility analysis. A number of the early students of fertility were biologists by training, or had a biological outlook, and so tended to stress biological rather than social influences on fertility. This method would be legitimate in societies in which all females marry or cohabit shortly after puberty and where no attempt is made to control fertility within marriage. Under those circumstances, the age distribution of the female population will be the primary and principal determinant of human fertility. However, in modern European countries it is no longer legitimate to study fertility in terms of female age distribution alone. In this country the bulk of reproduction takes place within marriage (legitimate births account for about 95% of all births), and though among the younger women marriage may not infrequently follow conception rather than precede it, even if pre-nuptial conceptions are excluded the proportion of maritally conceived births only falls to 87%. Moreover, given the small family system prevalent in this country to-day, the normal size of family may be achieved without much difficulty even by women who marry relatively late. The amount and timing of marriage is therefore important in the study of fertility and much greater attention has recently been devoted to the study of nuptiality. The Statistics Committee of the Royal Commission on Population, for instance, devoted much time to the study of marriage trends (Hajnal 1950).

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Section: The Present Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with the age at marriage in Britain

1963

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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“…Coitus interruptus is still one of the most important methods producing the relatively low birth rate in Britain (17). …”

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confidence: 99%

Norms for family size in underdeveloped areas

Freedman

1963

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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It is a commonplace observation that fertility is high in the so-called underdeveloped societies. Sometimes this leads to the erroneous view that their fertility is limited only by what is biologically possible so that birth rates reach a mythologically high natural level. In this idealized view free and unrestrained sexual unions beginning at an early age produce very high fertility as an incidental result without deliberate intent and without much individual or social concern about family size. A more plausible general proposition is that reproduction, whether at high or low levels, is so important to the family and to society everywhere that its level is more or less controlled by cultural norms about family size and such related matters as marriage, timing of intercourse, and abortion. In each society the cultural norms about these vital matters are consistent with social institutions in which they are deeply embedded. Changes in fertility are unlikely without prior or, at least, simultaneous changes in these institutions.

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Non-Recurrent Christian Data

Field¹

1987

Religion

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Birth control in Britain

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Factors associated with the age at marriage in Britain

Factors associated with the age at marriage in Britain

Norms for family size in underdeveloped areas

Non-Recurrent Christian Data

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