Birth Control Studies. III.

A simple suture intra-uterine device (IUD), occupying almost the entire length of the uterine horn, was used to study the effect of an IUD upon conception in the rabbit.After being mated, rabbits were killed at 84, 132, 156 and 180 hr and at 14 days. Additional animals were examined at 14 days after the IUD had been removed 84, 132 and 156 hr after mating.The IUD was not completely contraceptive, but it induced considerable pre-implantational embryonic death between 156 and 180 hr after mating.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraceptive Action of Intra-Uterine Devices in the Rabbit

Marston¹,

Chang²

1969

“…Carleton & Phelps (1933) implantation in the present study. An anti-implantation effect due to the provocation of a decidual reaction by the intrauterine foreign body seems unlikely (Nichaman, 1956;Eichner, 1963).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Prevention of Delayed Implantation in Rats by Means of an Intrauterine Foreign Body

Kar¹,

Kamboj²,

Datta³

1964

Summary. The presence of a foreign body in the uterine horn prevented implantation in rats when the process was delayed experimentally for 6 days. The contralateral horn, however, showed normal implantations. Colony-bred mature female rats weighing 120 to 130 g were used in this study. They were maintained under uniform laboratory conditions throughout the ex¬ perimental period. A surgical silk suture was inserted through the antimeso¬ metrial wall of the right uterine horn by an atraumatic needle under ether anaesthesia. The needle with the suture was passed along the uterine lumen and brought out through the same wall approximately 1 -2 to 1 -5 cm above the point of insertion. The suture was pulled loosely through the site of entry so that it lay freely in the uterine lumen. The two ends of the suture were tied into a knot, permitting free movement of the uterus. The needle was passed through the left uterine horn in the same way, but was then withdrawn; this horn served as the control. The operations were performed under aseptic conditions. The animals were put with males 60 days after insertion of the suture. The day on which a vaginal smear contained spermatozoa was considered Day 1 of pregnancy. The method of Cochrane 8c Meyer (1957) was used to induce implantation by oestrogen injection after a delay period of 6 days imposed by progesterone treatment. 139

“…Leucocytic responses to intra-uterine devices have been reported in some animals of other species, e.g. rabbits (Carleton & Phelps, 1933), rats (Kar, Kamboj, Goswami & Chowdhury, 1965) and cows (Hawk, Conley, Brinsfield & Righter, 1964), and the inflammatory response has been implicated in the impaired fertility of rats (Greenwald, 1965).…”

Section: Inflammatory Responses To Intra-uterine Devicesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigations Into the Anti-Fertility Effect of Intra-Uterine Devices in the Ewe

Hawk¹

1967

Ovum fertilization after natural mating was inhibited in both oviducts after the insertion of a plastic spiral into one uterine horn. Spermatozoa were found in oviducts of control ewes between 4 and 24 hr after mating, but were almost totally absent from both oviducts of ewes with a spiral in one horn. Sperm numbers in the uterus were relatively low in`s piral' ewes. Spirals had these effects both 2 to 4 weeks and 8 to 10 months after insertion.Ova were fertilized in`s piral' as well as control ewes after injection of semen into the uterus, but there were fewer accessory spermatozoa in ova from`s piral' ewes. After injection of semen into one uterine horn, spermatozoa were found throughout reproductive tracts of`s piral' and control ewes, but most spermatozoa in horns containing a spiral were broken into heads and tails. Similarly, when semen was injected into ligated uterine compartments, most spermatozoa recovered 5 hr later from spiral compartments were tailless; most spermatozoa recovered from non-spiral compartments of the same ewes were intact. Spirals inhibited sperm transport following natural mating, and they also promoted spermicidal conditions in the uterine lumen.