Birth Defects and Œstrogens and Progesterones in Pregnancy

Harlap, Susan; Prywes, R; Davies, A.M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91784-5

Cited by 78 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…' 7.0% had at least one congenital malformation, with 3.6% having at least one major defect. The prevalence of the specific defects has been reported for this cohort [44,45] and for different religious communities in Israel [46] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consanguinity and Birth Defects in the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort

Harlap¹,

Kleinhaus²,

Perrin³

et al. 2008

Hum Hered

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Background: While parental consanguinity is known to increase the risk of birth defects in offspring, it is hard to quantify this risk in populations where consanguinity is prevalent. Methods: To support ongoing studies of cancer and of psychiatric disease, we studied relationships of consanguinity to 1,053 major birth defects in 29,815 offspring, born in 1964–1976. To adjust for confounding variables (geographic origin, social class and hospital), we constructed logistic regression models, using GEE to take into account correlations between sibs. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence limits were estimated in comparison to a reference group of offspring with grandfathers born in different countries. Results: With 10.1% of offspring having consanguineous parents, the adjusted OR for major birth defect was 1.41 (1.12–1.74). Offspring of marriages between uncles-nieces, first cousins and more distant relatives showed adjusted ORs of 2.36 (0.98–5.68), 1.59 (1.22–2.07) and 1.20 (0.89–1.59) respectively. For descendents of grandfathers born in the same country, but not known to be related, the OR was 1.05 (0.91–1.21); these showed increased risk associated with ancestries in Western Asia (1.27, 1.04–1.55, p < 0.02) or Europe (1.13, 0.79–1.80). Conclusions: A strong association of consanguinity with poverty and low education points to the need to avoid exposure to environmental hazards in these families.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consanguinity and Birth Defects in the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort

Harlap¹,

Kleinhaus²,

Perrin³

et al. 2008

Hum Hered

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“…In a 1979 study, Harlap et al [15] found a positive association between progestins and overall abnormal outcome (Table 3). However, exposure during the first lunar month was, as in the US Collaborative study, erroneously considered to be a susceptible interval.…”

Section: Cardiac Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spermicides, hormonal contraception and congenital malformations

Simpson

Phillips

1990

Adv Contracept

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Allegations that inadvertent pregnancies in contraceptive users are associated with congenital anomalies continue to be common. In 1985, a review by one of us concluded that there is little or no scientific basis for such claims [1]. Since then, additional data have substantiated this conclusion, particularly with respect to spermicides and hormonal contraception. The purpose of this review is to update information with respect to potential teratogenicity for these two contraceptive methods.

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“…Various environmental factors have been suggested to be a risk for the development of tracheoesophageal anomalies, including maternal exposure to methimazole, statins, alcohol, smoking or exogenous sex hormones, maternal phenylketonuria, infectious disease, or work in agriculture or horticulture (David and O'Callaghan, 1974;Harlap et al, 1975;Goujard and Rumeau-Rouquette, 1977;Bracken et al, 1978;Rothman and Louik, 1978;Wilson and Brent, 1981;Czeizel and Ludanyi, 1985;Szendrey et al, 1985;Wing et al, 1994;Clementi et al, 1999;Di Gianantonio et al, 2001;Felix et al, 2007a;WongGibbons et al, 2008). However, these risk factors have not been confirmed in other studies.…”

Section: Other Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula: An overview of the current concepts

Felix¹,

Jong²,

Torfs³

et al. 2009

Birth Defects Research

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Esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) are severe congenital anomalies. Although recent years have brought significant improvement in clinical treatment, our understanding of the etiology of these defects is lagging. Many genes and genetic pathways have been implicated in the development of EA/TEF, but only a few genes have been shown to be involved in humans, in animals, or in both. Extrapolating data from animal models to humans is not always straightforward. Environmental factors may also carry a risk, but the mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. This review gives an overview of the current state of knowledge about both genetic and environmental risk factors in the etiology of EA/TEF.

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Birth Defects and Œstrogens and Progesterones in Pregnancy

Cited by 78 publications

References 7 publications

Consanguinity and Birth Defects in the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort

Consanguinity and Birth Defects in the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort

Spermicides, hormonal contraception and congenital malformations

Genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula: An overview of the current concepts

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