Birth prevalence of orofacial cleft in a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective audit

Abstract

Aim The present study aimed to calculate the birth prevalence of orofacial cleft patients in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) Tertiary Care Hospital in Riyadh City, KSA. Material and methods The data utilized in this retrospective study were obtained from the birth data registry at the hospital covering the period between January 2014 and December 2018. The data collected for the orofacial cleft patients pertained to the birth year, type of cleft, gender, and associated syndromes. Results The total number of documented orofacial cleft cases born between 2014 and 2018 was 78, with a birth prevalence of 1.8 per 1000 live births and no gender bias. Cleft palate (CP) represented the most common type at 38.5% (n = 30), followed by cleft lip at 26.9% (n = 21) and unilateral cleft lip and palate at 24% (n = 19). The least common type was facial cleft, at 3.4% (n = 6). Syndrome association was seen in 15.4% (n = 12) of the cases. Conclusion The birth prevalence of orofacial clefts in KAMC Riyadh city is in accordance with the worldwide ratio and similar to the birth prevalence reported in the Middle East area. CP showed more prevalence than the other orofacial cleft types, and the association with syndromes was significantly low.

Prevalence and Patterns of Orofacial Clefts among Children from Different Regions of Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

“…A total of 13 studies that met the eligibility criteria were assessed for qualitative data. 22 – 34 The prevalence of OFC was within the range of 0.65–1.9/1,000 live births. The highest was witnessed in the Medina region, as reported by Sabbagh et al 27 …”

Relationship between feeding development and alterations in orofacial motor skills

“…Orofacial clefts, particularly cleft lip and cleft palate, are the most common congenital deformities among newborn infants. (14).…”

“…The upper and lower orbicular orbicular orbicular orbicularis oculi are responsible for stimulating the development of the jaws and differentiating the temporomandibular joints, which helps to prevent the development of parafunctional oral habits and malocclusions (13). That is to say, breastfeeding has a decisive role in the structure and functional conformation of the orofacial system; being the first function that provides information on paratypic growth, as well as transverse growth actions (14). Likewise, actions of transversal growth of the skull and face (15).…”

Updated Evidence in Management of Cleft Lip and Palate: Simple Review Article

“…The most common oro-facial congenital deformity reported in live newborns is a cleft of the lip, palate, or both. Cleft lip and palate are widespread problems that affect more than 10 million people worldwide [1]. Clefts of the face structures and/or clefts of the oral tissues, such as a hard palate, are a varied collection of malformations [2].…”