Birth Prevalence of Overt Congenital Anomalies in Kano Metropolis: Overt Congenital Anomalies in the Kano

Abstract

Congenital anomalies are abnormalities of prenatal origin, and their prevalence varies worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and spectrum of overt congenital anomalies in live born neonates in selected hospitals in the Kano metropolis of North western Nigeria, as well as the associated maternal, paternal and neonatal risk factors. A descriptive study design was employed. All live born neonates in three major hospitals in Kano metropolis were prospectively studied from April 2013 to December 2013. Detailed family history and clinical data were recorded in a structured questionnaire for each child. A total of 1456 live born neonates were recruited into the study, of which 41 (28.15 per 1000 live births) had overt congenital malformations with 5 (12.20%) having multiple system involvement and 36 (87.80%) having a single system affectation. The most common system involved in neonates with isolated single system malformations were the central nervous system (10 cases) and the genitourinary system (10 cases). The consanguinity rate in the study was 17.83%. Birth weight of the neonates had a significant but negative association with the likelihood of being born with a congenital malformation [OR = 0.374; (95% CI 0.196-0.711) P = 0.003]. Given the high frequency of potentially preventable central nervous system malformations in this study, emphasis on the primary prevention of congenital malformations by encouraging periconceptional use of folic acid containing multivitamin supplements is recommended.

Prevalence and Trends of Congenital Anomalies Among Neonates at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia: A Three-Year Retrospective Study

“…In the present study, CAs observed more in males than females (60.3%-males and 39.7%-females) which is similar findings with the studies done in Nigeria (52%-males and 48%-females), 29 Pakistan (68.3%-males and 31.7%-females), 30 Ethiopia (58.5%-males and 41.5%-females). 16 Also, supported by a national population-based study conducted in the United Kingdom; the risk of any CA was 26% greater in males.…”

“… 31 One hundred sixty-nine (84.9%) of congenital anomalies were single, while 30 (15.1%) of anomalies were multiple (more than one anomaly in one child) which is comparable with the study done in Nigeria; almost 87% of CAs were single system congenital anomaly. 28 , 29 However, different from the studies done in Egypt and Ethiopia; 69% 32 and 95.5% 16 of the infants had a single congenital anomaly, respectively.…”

Determinants of adverse neonatal outcomes among postnatal women in Dar es Salaam -Tanzania

“…This finding concurs with the past study conducted in Tanzania28. Multiple pregnancies were not significantly associated with neonatal outcome unlike the past studies29,30 which reported significant relationship.…”

Pattern of congenital anomalies at birth and their correlations with maternal characteristics in the maternity teaching hospital, Erbil city, Iraq

“…Major congenital anomalies are defined as those that, if uncorrected, could result in considerable impairment of the normal body functions or even reducing the life expectancy. Minor congenital anomalies include the anomalies that cause no disability or have no significant physical or functional effects and can be regarded as normal variants [6, 9, 10].…”