Birthweight, Schizophrenia and Ventricular Enlargement in a High-risk Sample

Silverton, Leigh; Mednick, Sarnoff A.; Harrington, Melanie E.

doi:10.1080/00332747.1988.11024402

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The reports of increased PBCs and the theory of an organic aetiology in schizophrenia have been supported by the findings of post-mortem (Bigelow et al 1983;Jakob & Beckmann 1986;Crow et al 1989;Bruton et al 1990) and neuroradiological studies (Weinberger et al 1979(Weinberger et al , 1981Reveley et al 1982;Andreasen et al 1986;Cleghorn et al 1989;Mathew & Wilson 1990;Andreasen et al 1992;. Generally, these studies conclude that schizophrenia is associated with abnormalities of the temporal lobe which in turn are associated with higher rates of pregnancy and birth complication (Reveley et al 1984;Silverton et al 1985;De Lisi et al 1986;Owen et al 1988;Cannon et al 1989;Pearlson 1989;.…”

Section: Pregnancy and Birth Complications In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 90%

Schizophrenia in people with intellectual disability: the role of pregnancy and birth complications

O’Dwyer

1997

J Intellect Disabil Res

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The literature suggests that mental illness is more common in people with intellectual disability than in the general population. Having reviewed the literature, Turner (1989) [Psychological Medicine 19, 301-14] suggested that about 3% of people with intellectual disability also have schizophrenia. As pregnancy and birth complications (PBCs) occur more commonly in people with intellectual disability than in the general population and are also implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia, it is possible that these conditions share a common aetiology. This study reports on the occurrence of PBCs in those people with intellectual disability who develop schizophrenia. Fifty people with intellectual disability and schizophrenia were matched for age, sex, degree of intellectual disability and presence of epilepsy with a control group who did not suffer from schizophrenia or a schizophreniform psychosis. The obstetric history was obtained and events rated on a scale specifically designed for this study. This PBCs scale consists of six sub-scales covering areas of general maternal health, pregnancy, delivery, medication in labour, total medication score and neonatal score, as well as an overall total score. The study found that people with intellectual disability who develop schizophrenia have significantly higher rates of PBCs than controls. All of the sub-scales on the PBCs scale were significantly higher in people with schizophrenia, with the exception of the medication scales. Only five out of the 50 people with schizophrenia had not had a major obstetric complication, compared to 13 subjects from the control group. A number of abnormalities were specifically higher in people who later developed schizophrenia. These included: abnormally long or short labour; maternal episiotomy; maternal preeclamptic toxaemia; induction of labour; dysmaturity; maternal smoking in pregnancy; and a delay in neonatal crying. The results suggest that PBCs are important in the aetiology of schizophrenia in people with intellectual disability.

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Section: Pregnancy and Birth Complications In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 90%

Schizophrenia in people with intellectual disability: the role of pregnancy and birth complications

O’Dwyer

1997

J Intellect Disabil Res

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“…Birthweight, paternal schizophrenia spectrum disorder (PSSD), and an interaction term for these two variables were analyzed in a regression with ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR) as the dependent variable. As in Silverton et al (1985), birthweight significantly contributed to the variance in VBR. Although PSSD did not significantly contribute to the variance in VBR, there was a significant interaction effect of birthweight and PSSD on VBR.…”

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confidence: 87%

“…Recent work by Silverton, Finello, Mednick, and F. Schulsinger (1985) indicates a relation between low birthweight and cerebral ventricular enlargement, as assessed in adulthood, in a group of subjects at risk for schizophrenia. In the present study, we examined the role of low birthweight in ventricular enlargement and tested the hypothesis that low birthweight interacts with a genetic predisposition for schizophrenia in its association with enlarged ventricles.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A previous report on 34 subjects of the Danish high-risk for schizophrenia project (Silverton, Finello, Mednick, & F. Schulsinger, 1985) showed a strong relation between ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR) as visualized on computerized tomography (CT) scans, and low birthweight. Specifically, weight recorded at the time of the subject's birth (1942–1952) was negatively correlated with ventricle size in adulthood (1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic risk for schizophrenia, birthweight, and cerebral ventricular enlargement.

Silverton¹,

Mednick²,

Schulsinger³

et al. 1988

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Recent work by Silverton, Finello, Mednick, and F. Schulsinger (1985) indicates a relation between low birthweight and cerebral ventricular enlargement, as assessed in adulthood, in a group of subjects at risk for schizophrenia. In the present study, we examined the role of low birthweight in ventricular enlargement and tested the hypothesis that low birthweight interacts with a genetic predisposition for schizophrenia in its association with enlarged ventricles. This study reports on 34 subjects of the Danish high-risk-for-schizophrenia prospective study. Birthweight, paternal schizophrenia spectrum disorder (PSSD), and an interaction term for these two variables were analyzed in a regression with ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR) as the dependent variable. As in Silverton et al. (1985), birthweight significantly contributed to the variance in VBR. Although PSSD did not significantly contribute to the variance in VBR, there was a significant interaction effect of birthweight and PSSD on VBR. Results were discussed in terms of a diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia.A previous report on 34 subjects of the Danish high-risk for schizophrenia project (Silverton, Finello, Mednick, & F. Schul-

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“…The second-trimester effect was seen in the elevated proportion of schizophrenics among those admitted to a psychiatric hospital and also in higher rates of schizophrenia per 1000 live births in the city of Helsinki. The study has several limitations: (1) We have no direct evidence that the subjects actually suffered a viral Infection. (2) The psychiatric data were obtained only for subjects up to the age of 26 years, 56 days.…”

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confidence: 99%