Bis(diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl disulfide in <i>cis</i>‐1,4‐polyisoprene vulcanization reactions. I. As a sulfur donor

Pimblott, J. G.; Scott, Gerald; Stuckey, J. E.

doi:10.1002/app.1975.070190322

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The sulfur (S) and zinc oxide (ZnO) used in this study were industrial grades. DIPDIS was synthesized in our laboratory according to the method of Pimboltt et al 22 The distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride modified clay (Nanofil-15) was supplied by Süd-Chemie AG (Moosburg, Germany).…”

Section: Experimental Procedures Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preintercalation of an organic accelerator into nanogalleries and preparation of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber–clay nanocomposites

Rooj

Das

Heinrich

2011

Polym J

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A multifunctional additive, bis(diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl diisopropyl disulfide (DIPDIS), was melted in the presence of quaternary ammonium-modified montmorillonite clay and incorporated into an ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) rubber matrix as a nanofiller to prepare EPDM rubber nanocomposites. The finer dispersion of the organoclay (OC) in the rubber matrix was observed when the OC was preintercalated by DIPDIS using the propping-open procedure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the silicate layers of the OC were successfully preintercalated by the DIPDIS; that is, the basal spacing of clay galleries was expanded from 2.98 to 3.76 nm. Because of the larger interlayer distance, as evidenced by XRD studies, the delamination process was facilitated through the easy intercalation of macromolecular rubber chains, which was reflected in various properties, such as the stress-strain behavior, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical properties and swelling properties. XRD studies and transmission electron microscopy directly supported the effective filler dispersion in the non-polar EPDM rubber matrix. INTRODUCTIONPolymer nanocomposites based on nanoclay have recently generated a great deal of interest as a successful approach to overcome the inadequacy of conventional composites. 1-4 Very recently, advances in rubber-clay nanocomposites have attracted the attention of scientists working in the field of polymer-clay nanocomposites. In addition to higher gas barrier properties and certain improved fireresistance properties, most of the developed rubber-clay nanocomposites exhibit much higher tensile strength than that of the corresponding matrix. Generally, the corresponding ratio is at least two to three times greater. 5,6 However, because of the inorganic nature of the clay minerals, the dispersion by the delamination process of the clay layers is the main problem for the desirable reinforcement of the silicate clay layers. The most established and common ways to overcome this problem are the use of quaternary ammonium salt, 7 surfactants, 8,9 ionic liquids, 10,11 silane coupling agents 12,13 and different fatty acid salts, 14 which are common approaches to obtain a higher degree of delamination. Very recently, it was reported that 15 the preintercalation of stearic acid into the gallery of layered silicate, which was already modified by quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATs), could be one common approach to make the delamination process more effective. The effectiveness of this process was verified in different rubber systems where crosslinking was caused by a sulfur

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Section: Experimental Procedures Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pimblott et al studied in detail the effect of DIPDIS as a curative for infrared rubber. 22 It had been observed by earlier researchers that DIPDIS can also function as a coupling agent for silica-filled EPDM compounds analogous to silanes. 23 It was also established that interfacial chemical bonding could be caused by DIPDIS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preintercalation of an organic accelerator into nanogalleries and preparation of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber–clay nanocomposites

Rooj

Das

Heinrich

2011

Polym J

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“…1 Thiophosphoryl polysulfides (viz., DIBTRI, DIBTET, DCHTRI, and DCHTET) were synthesized and purified according to the procedure reported earlier.…”

Section: Experimental Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cure and physical data for this two-stage vulcanization are given in Table IV. The most important and significant step in the two-stage vulcanization is the generation of rubber-bound moieties 1,17 from the accelerator complex with sulfur, etc. These rubberbound moieties, which are the precursor 18 to the ultimate crosslinks, are responsible for subsequent vulcanization.…”

Section: Two-stage Vulcanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of thiophosphoryl compounds as accelerators and coupling agents on the vulcanization of NR‐XNBR blend

Naskar

Debnath

Basu

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The effect of a number of thiophosphoryl compounds [viz., bis(isobutyl) thiophosphoryl di-, tri-, and tetrasulfides and bis(dicyclohexyl) thiophopsphoryl di-, tri-, and tetrasulfides] on natural rubber (NR)-carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) blend was studied. All these thiophosphoryl compounds are capable of forming interrubber links leading to covulcanized blends which exhibit a fair degree of synergism with respect to physical properties, the maximum being obtained at the 25% NR and 75% XNBR blend composition. This is an obvious claim that the blend under investigation is technologically compatible, having some degree of interrubber interaction which is enhanced in case of two-stage vulcanization. The existence of interrubber interaction is judged by the swelling experiment. The blend morphology assessed by SEM micrographs corroborates the foregoing observations and accounts for the significant improvement in physical properties of the blend vulcanizates, particularly in two-stage vulcanization. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3286 -3299, 2002

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Cure synergism in XNBR vulcanization in presence of thiophosphoryl disulfides and amine disulfide/thiazole accelerators

Biswas

Basu

1996

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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SYNOPSISThe study deals with the vulcanization of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) having synergistic combinations of accelerators comprising thiophosphoryl disulfide as one of the components. Other constituent accelerators employed in the present investigation are 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), 2-mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), bis(N-oxydiethy1ene)disulfide (ODDS), N-oxydiethylene 2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (OBTS), etc. The binary combinations of thiophosphoryl disulfides with OBTS exhibited the highest mutual activity in the respective areas, so far as the physical properties are concerned. Structural characterization of different thiophosphoryl disulfide-accelerated XNBR vulcanizates, including those formed from the synergistic combinations with OBTS, were studied using a methyl iodide probe. It was found that the amount of sulfidic crosslinks arising from the reaction between -COOH groups of XNBR and thiophosphoryl disulfides, actually controls the network structure as well as the physical properties of the vulcanizates.

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Bis(diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl disulfide in cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene vulcanization reactions. I. As a sulfur donor

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Preintercalation of an organic accelerator into nanogalleries and preparation of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber–clay nanocomposites

Preintercalation of an organic accelerator into nanogalleries and preparation of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber–clay nanocomposites

Effect of thiophosphoryl compounds as accelerators and coupling agents on the vulcanization of NR‐XNBR blend

Cure synergism in XNBR vulcanization in presence of thiophosphoryl disulfides and amine disulfide/thiazole accelerators

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