BisGMA/TEGDMA ratio and filler content effects on shrinkage stress

Gonçalves, Flávio de Oliveira; Azevedo, Caio Lucidius Naberezny; Ferracane, Jack L.; Braga, Roberto Ruggiero

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2011.01.007

Cited by 148 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore it can be seen that the two materials (SDR and Venus) with the fastest polymerization rates (highest slopes) also had the largest total volumetric shrinkage. Our shrinkage value obtained for Z250 (1.13%) corresponds well with other published values of ~1.1% [21,33,[36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Volumetric change of flowable composite resins due to polymerization as measured with an electronic mercury dilatometer

Mulder¹,

Grobler²,

Osman³

2013

Oral Biol Dent

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Background: To determine the total volumetric change and the relative speed of shrinkage of bulk fill flowable composites during polymerization. Materials and methods: A specially designed electronic mercury dilatometer was used to determine the volumetric change. The light intensity was 500mW/cm 2 . The mercury dilatometer measured the volumetric change every 0.5 seconds during the 35 second irradiation exposure time. The materials tested were Z250 as standard and control. Four bulk fill flowable composites were tested. Results: The sequence of total volumetric change was found to be: Z250 < Filtek bulk fill < Xtra-Base bulk fill < SDR < Venus bulk fill. The speed of shrinkage of the bulk fill flowables was faster than that of Z250, while the 2 flowables with the highest shrinkage speed (SDR and Venus) also had the highest total volumetric change. Of the different materials tested the volumetric change of Z250 (1.13%) was the lowest and significantly less (p<0.05) than that of SDR (1.55%) and Venus (1.72%). The material with the highest filler content (Z250) also showed the lowest shrinkage (1.13%) but this effect could not be seen in the flowables. In general, it was found that a 35 second irradiation period (with a light intensity of 500mW/cm 2 ) was satisfactory for complete polymerization of the resins. Conclusions:The volumetric changes and speed of shrinkage were higher for all 4 bulk fill flowable composites than for Z250. SDR and Venus flowables had the fastest and highest volumetric shrinkage. Clinical significance: The manufacturers of bulk fill flowable composites advocate filling layers of 4mm. However, because of the high shrinkage values found in this study it should be suggested that the standard 2mm layer increments still be used.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Volumetric change of flowable composite resins due to polymerization as measured with an electronic mercury dilatometer

Mulder¹,

Grobler²,

Osman³

2013

Oral Biol Dent

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“…The degree of conversion is influenced by Bis-GMA content and co-monomer types with TEGDMA mixtures resulting in higher conversion than BisEMA (Ethoxylated Bisphenol-A Dimethacrylate) blends 19) . For Bis-GMA/TEGDMA formulations, the resin matrix has a greater influence on polymerization stress, reaction rate and degree of conversion, whereas filler fraction showed a stronger influence on shrinkage and modulus 20) . The resin matrix of the giomer restoratives were all based on Bis-GMA/TEGDMA mixtures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of staining solutions on color of pre-reacted glass-ionomer containing composites

et al. 2012

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This study investigated the color stability of pre-reacted glass-ionomer containing composite restoratives. The materials evaluated included one regular (Beautifil II [BF]), two flowable (Beautifil Flow [F02, F10]) and two recently introduced flowable "plus" (Beautifil Flow Plus [F00, F03]) pre-reacted glass-ionomer containing composite restoratives. Twelve specimens of each material (A3 shade) were fabricated, allowed to set for 24 h at 37°C and randomly divided into 4 groups. After baseline spectrophotometric (Crystaleye, Olympus) color measurements, specimens were immersed in water, cola, red wine and coffee for 7 days. Post-immersion color measurements were taken and color changes (ΔE) were computed accordingly. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA and post-hoc Scheffe's test (p<0.05). For pre-reacted glass-ionomer containing composites, color changes after immersion in coffee and red wine were significantly greater than in cola and water. Differences in ΔE values between materials were solution dependent. The least color change was generally observed with the flowable "plus" pre-reacted glass-ionomer containing composites.

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“…The thermal cycling probably affected the water sorption in the two composites. Several studies have shown that all components of resin composites affect the water sorption 24,[29][30][31] , with the polymer playing the main role because of the type of monomer, polar interaction, and degree of conversion 24) . The percentage of gaps in the Siloranes sample did not increase significantly after cycling but in the Methacrylates this difference was significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of gaps in the Siloranes sample did not increase significantly after cycling but in the Methacrylates this difference was significant. Methacrylates composite contains a rich TEGDMA matrix that has shown high shrinkage causing a closer packing of the polymer chains due to the antiplasticizing effect 28,29) . In addition, silorane-based polymers have demonstrated lower magnitudes of water sorption, solubility, and hygroscopic expansion than methacrylatebased resin composites 24,30,31) , thereby reducing the elution of unpolymerized monomers that could contribute to delaying the initial marginal gap formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thermo-mechanical load cycling on silorane-based composite restorations

et al. 2012

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The aim of this study was to compare the formation of marginal gaps after thermo-mechanical load cycling, between siloranebased and methacrylate-based restorations. Standardized class II cavities were made in 10 permanent human third molars that were restored with the adhesive system Clearfil SE Bond+composite Filtek Z-350 (Methacrylates) and with the composite bonding Filtek P90+P90 (Siloranes), respectively. After 24 h of storage in 100% humidity at 37°C, the restoration margins were stained, photographed, and evaluated. The gap length was calculated as the percentage of the total length of the margins. Thereafter, the specimens were tested by a thermo-mechanical machine and the marginal gap formation of the specimens was re-evaluated. The results were expressed as percentages of gaps and were submitted to a Mann Whitney test at 5% level of significance. Methacrylates showed a statistically significant higher percentage of gaps than Siloranes, both before and after cycling.

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BisGMA/TEGDMA ratio and filler content effects on shrinkage stress

Cited by 148 publications

References 32 publications

Volumetric change of flowable composite resins due to polymerization as measured with an electronic mercury dilatometer

Volumetric change of flowable composite resins due to polymerization as measured with an electronic mercury dilatometer

Effect of staining solutions on color of pre-reacted glass-ionomer containing composites

Effect of thermo-mechanical load cycling on silorane-based composite restorations

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