Bispectral Analysis of the Electroencephalogram Correlates with Patient Movement to Skin Incision during Propofol/Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia

Kearse, Lee A.; Manberg, Paul J.; Chamoun, Nassib G.; deBros, F.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.

doi:10.1097/00000542-199412000-00010

Cited by 170 publications

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“…Keywords Bispectral index; rabbit; sevoflurane; propofol A variable derived from the electroencephalogram (EEG), the bispectral index (BIS), has been reported to be useful for measuring the hypnotic component of the anaesthetic state (Kearse et al 1994, Vernon et al 1995, Gan et al 1997, Liu et al 1997. It is a dimensionless number from 0 to 100, and decreasing values indicate more sedation and hypnosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship of bispectral index values, haemodynamic changes and recovery times during sevoflurane or propofol anaesthesia in rabbits

et al. 2006

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SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine and compare the degree of hypnosis achieved during propofol or sevoflurane anaesthesia in rabbits using bispectral index (BIS), and to evaluate its usefulness as a predictor of both haemodynamic changes during anaesthesia and recovery times. Twenty adult male New Zealand White rabbits, average weight 4.470.4 kg, were used for this study. Animals were randomly allocated to one of two groups with 10 rabbits/group. An electroencephalographic recording was obtained from each conscious rabbit prior to drug administration. All animals received buprenorphine as a preanaesthetic medication (0.05 mg/kg, intravenous [i.v.]). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol (8 mg/kg, i.v.) in all animals; 10 rabbits were maintained with sevoflurane via inhalation (1 minimum alveolar concentration -end-tidal sevoflurane concentration of 3.7% -at a fresh gas flow rate of 3 L/ min; group I), and 10 were maintained with i.v. propofol (0.6 mg/kg/min; group II). The rabbits were orotracheally intubated and spontaneous ventilation was maintained throughout the study (100% oxygen). After abdominal surgery through a ventral midline laparotomy, rabbits were allowed to recover from anaesthesia. Cardiovascular variables and BIS values were recorded at intervals throughout the procedure, as was the duration of recovery from anaesthesia.In both groups, mean BIS values were significantly decreased immediately after induction, compared with baseline values obtained during consciousness. Anaesthetic depth (evaluated by clinical observation) was similar in both groups; however, group II rabbits had significantly higher (Po0.001) BIS values from 30 s before incision until anaesthesia was discontinued. There was no significant difference in BIS recorded 1 and 5 min after incision as compared with values obtained 30 s before incision in either group.During sevoflurane or propofol administration, correlations were found between BIS values and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), and between BIS values and heart rate (HR).Mean BIS values at discontinuation of administration of the anaesthetic agent were greater in group II (69.176.0) than in group I (49.372.2). However, recovery from anaesthesia was significantly longer in group II (38.477.2 min) than in group I (11.572.5 min).In conclusion, BIS can be used to differentiate between conscious and unconscious states during anaesthesia in rabbits. BIS values derived from an electroencephalogram at the end of anaesthesia were not useful for predicting the speed of anaesthetic recovery in sevoflurane or propofol-anaesthetized rabbits undergoing abdominal surgery. Despite the correlation found Correspondence: Marı´a Fernanda Martı´n Cancho, Minimally

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Relationship of bispectral index values, haemodynamic changes and recovery times during sevoflurane or propofol anaesthesia in rabbits

et al. 2006

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“…Several previous reports have shown that BIS is useful predictor of patient response (Kearse et al, 1994;Vernon et al, 1995). It remains the possibility that clinician has complete dependence on BIS only.…”

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Relationship between Bispectral Index, Sedation Score and Plasma Concentration, during Midazolam Sedation

Park

Kim

Park

et al. 2001

J Korean Dent Soc Anesthesiol

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“…Several studies [12,13] reported that the BIS was much superior to former EEG derivatives to detect awareness and to predict movement induced by surgical stimulation during noncardiac anaesthesia. However, in the present study, the BIS was distributed very widely during hypothermia whereas the other three variables were distributed more tightly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently bispectral analysis of EEG has provided a new variable, the bispectral index (BIS). Although BIS has been shown to detect consciousness [10,11] and to predict movement in response to surgery [12,13], effects of CPB or hypothermia on the BIS have not been reported.…”

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Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia on electroencephalographic variables

et al. 1997

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SummaryWe studied the effects of hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on four depth of anaesthesia monitors; spectral edge frequency (SEF), median frequency (MF), bispectral index (BIS) and auditory evoked potential index (AEPIndex) in 12 patients during uneventful cardiac anaesthesia. Each variable was recorded simultaneously at 10 periods during anaesthesia. All four variables were not affected by the transition to CPB. During hypothermia, values of AEPIndex, MF and SEF were tightly distributed but values of BIS were very variable and overlapped with those before induction of anaesthesia. The variability decreased during rewarming. The values of AEPIndex throughout the anaesthesia never overlapped with those before induction of anaesthesia. The AEPIndex was the most stable and reliable as a depth of anaesthesia monitor among the four variables in cardiac bypass surgery.

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Bispectral Analysis of the Electroencephalogram Correlates with Patient Movement to Skin Incision during Propofol/Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia

Cited by 170 publications

References 0 publications

Relationship of bispectral index values, haemodynamic changes and recovery times during sevoflurane or propofol anaesthesia in rabbits

Relationship of bispectral index values, haemodynamic changes and recovery times during sevoflurane or propofol anaesthesia in rabbits

Relationship between Bispectral Index, Sedation Score and Plasma Concentration, during Midazolam Sedation

Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia on electroencephalographic variables

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