Bisphenol A and Related Compounds in Dental Materials

Abstract

CONTEXT Dental sealants and composite filling materials containing bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives are increasingly used in childhood dentistry. Evidence is accumulating that BPA and some BPA derivatives can pose health risks attributable to their endocrine-disrupting, estrogenic properties. OBJECTIVES To systematically compile and critically evaluate the literature characterizing BPA content of dental materials; to assess BPA exposures from dental materials and potential health risks; and to develop evidence-based guidance for reducing BPA exposures while promoting oral health. METHODS The extant toxicological literature and material safety data sheets were used as data sources. RESULTS BPA is released from dental resins through salivary enzymatic hydrolysis of BPA derivatives, and BPA is detectable in saliva for up to 3 hours after resin placement. The quantity and duration of systemic BPA absorption is not clear from the available data. Dental products containing the bisphenol A derivative glycidyl dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) are less likely to be hydrolyzed to BPA and have less estrogenicity than those containing bisphenol A dimethacrylate (bis-DMA). Most other BPA derivatives used in dental materials have not been evaluated for estrogenicity. BPA exposure can be reduced by cleaning and rinsing surfaces of sealants and composites immediately after placement. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the proven benefits of resin-based dental materials and the brevity of BPA exposure, we recommend continued use with strict adherence to precautionary application techniques. Use of these materials should be minimized during pregnancy whenever possible. Manufacturers should be required to report complete information on the chemical composition of dental products and encouraged to develop materials with less estrogenic potential.

Bond Strength of a Bisphenol-A-Free Fissure Sealant With and Without Adhesive Layer under Conditions of Saliva Contamination

“…Thus, on one hand, BPAfree resinous dental materials may be advantageous for avoiding potential toxic effects to the patients (25), but on the other hand. The absence of BPA may affect negatively the adhesion of materials to dental tissues (11). In previous studies, EWB showed better adaptation compared to conventional sealants (9,28).…”

“…In addition, resin-based materials, although more and more popular like composite resins and pit and fissure sealants, have caused concern due to the presence of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (Bisphenol A -BPA) (10). BPA is a plastic used in the fabrication of several other products, including bottles, baby bottles, detergents, food packing and its derivatives, may present hazard to health (11).…”

“…Although the amount and duration of systemic BPA absorption that can produce adverse effects has not yet been established (11,21), it is known that BPA is released from dental resinous materials by the salivary enzymatic hydrolysis of its derivatives and it is detectable in saliva for up to 3 h after material placement in the mouth (21). Residual (uncured) BPA can be removed from the resin or sealant through chewing attrition or be degraded chemically or mechanically, and may be absorbed systemically (10,22).…”

Therapeutic effects of quercetin against bisphenol A induced testicular damage in male Sprague Dawley rats

“…Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant that is used in the manufacturing of epoxy resins (e.g., food packaging and can-coating), polycarbonate, and numerous plastic products [Vandenberg et al 2009;Fleisch et al 2010]. Approximately three million tons of BPA are produced annually and almost 100 tons of BPA enters into the environment each year [Vandenberg et al 2009].…”

Analysis Ofbisphenol a Migration in Reusable Polycarbonate Containers and Canned Products Available in Indian Markets.

“…Polycarbonate plastics are being utilized for making various articles including baby feeing bottles, sippers, cups, water bottles, microwave ovenware, storage containers, returnable water and milk bottles, and refillable water containers. Numerous studies have shed light on the migration of BPA from various polycarbonate and canned products into the food and drinks including feeding bottles (Brede et (Sungur et al, 2014) etc.Besides, the non-food sources have their equal contribution to the humanexposure which could be from dust (Fu and Kawamura, 2010), thermal paper (Liao and Kannan, 2011), dental materials (Fleisch et al, 2010) and medical devices (Calafat et al, 2009;Haishima et al, 2001). Due to its high volume production and widespread use in plastics and cans, there is pervasive environmental contamination and well predictable and chronic exposure of BPA towards people of all ages.…”