Bistable diode action in left-handed periodic structures

Feise, Michael W.; Shadrivov, Ilya V.; Kivshar, Yuri S.

doi:10.1103/physreve.71.037602

Cited by 135 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…One-way transmission characteristics are reported with nonlinear materials [2], photonic crystal fibers [3], left-handed periodic structures [4], photonic bandgap liquid-crystal hetero-junctions [5], magnetooptical materials [6], and quantum dots [7]. Recent reports observe one-way transmission behavior in the absence of nonlinear or anisotropic materials [1,[8][9][10][11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Contrast One-Way Optical Transmission Through a Subwavelength Slit

2012

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We computationally demonstrate one-way optical transmission characteristics of a subwavelength slit. We comparatively study the effect in single layer and double layer metallic corrugations. We also investigate the effect of a dielectric spacer layer between double corrugations to control the volumetric coupling of plasmon and optical modes. We computationally show unidirectional transmission behavior with an ultrahigh contrast ratio of 53.4 dB at λ01.56 μm. Volumetric coupling efficiency through the nanoslit strongly depends on the efficient excitation of both the surface plasmon resonance and metal-insulator-metal waveguide modes. We show that the behavior is tunable in a wide spectral range. [6], and quantum dots [7]. Recent reports observe one-way transmission behavior in the absence of nonlinear or anisotropic materials [1,[8][9][10][11]. Lockyear et al. Keywords[8] showed that it is possible to implement one-way transmission devices operating at the microwave frequencies using asymmetric rectangular gratings. In a double layer asymmetric grating structure, the transmission of one direction is improved by a resonant diffraction grating while the periodicity of the opposite orientation sustains only higher order modes [8]. Utilizing a double layer diffraction grating structure, Zen et al. [9] demonstrated that contrast ratios above 100 can be achieved.Excitation of surface plasmon resonances by metallic gratings can be used to achieve enhanced transmission [12]. One-way transmission devices operating at telecommunication standard wavelengths have been realized exploiting plasmonic modes including the use of tunable plasmon resonances obtained on rectangular metallic gratings coated with nonlinear materials [13], asymmetric plasmonic gratings integrated in slot waveguides [14], and asymmetric rectangular diffraction gratings [1]. It was shown that transmission through subwavelength apertures can be enhanced by metallic gratings at the illuminated side of a subwavelength aperture which enables the coupling of surface plasmon modes with the aperture [15]. Moreover, both theoretical [10] and experimental [11] demonstrations of one-way transmission characteristics of asymmetric rectangular gratings coupled with a subwavelength aperture have been accomplished at microwave frequencies.In this paper, we present the design and analysis of a oneway transmission device operating at the telecommunication standard wavelengths with an ultrahigh contrast ratio. Our design achieves strong unidirectional characteristics by exploiting the one-way transmission property of double layer gratings coupled with the extraordinary transmission through a subwavelength slit. We also investigate the effect of the resonant coupling of the modes of the front-side and back-side diffraction gratings on one-way transmission characteristics. We demonstrate that by controlling the coupling between the gratings with a separating dielectric layer, an ultrahigh contrast ratio can be achieved.

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Ultrahigh Contrast One-Way Optical Transmission Through a Subwavelength Slit

2012

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“…The quest for on-chip optical nonreciprocal devices has recently spawned a number of strategies beyond the Faraday effect. Among them include optical nonlinearity [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], optical-thermo effect [15], interband photonic transitions [16,17], parity-time symmetric optics [18][19][20], and interfering parametric processes [21,22]. Despite these isolation mechanisms could be in principle used for optical circulation, yet, to date functional circulators are mainly implemented with the common Faraday rotation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modeling of On-Chip Optical Nonreciprocity with an Active Microcavity

et al. 2015

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On-chip nonreciprocal light transport holds a great impact on optical information processing and communications based upon integrated photonic devices. By harvesting gain-saturation nonlinearity, we recently demonstrated on-chip optical asymmetric transmission at telecommunication bands with superior nonreciprocal performances using only one active whispering-gallery-mode microtoroid resonator, beyond the commonly adopted magneto-optical (Faraday) effect. Here, detailed theoretical analysis is presented with respect to the reported scheme. Despite the fact that our model is simply the standard coupled-mode theory, it agrees well with the experiment and describes the essential one-way light transport in this nonreciprocal device. Further discussions, including the connection with the second law of thermodynamics and Fano resonance, are also briefly made in the end.

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“…3 we plot the non-reciprocity parameter ∆T p as a function of both pump Rabi frequency Ω c and probe pulse detuning (ω p − ω 31 )/γ 13 . It is clear that the best non-reciprocity effect occurs when the pump Rabi frequency is set in the AT splitting regime with 10γ 13 < ∼ Ω c < ∼ 30γ 13 . Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Previous * s.horsley@exeter.ac.uk work on non-reciprocal transmission has been based on either magneto-optical effects [6][7][8] or non linear processes [9,10]. Other mechanisms have also been explored [11][12][13] and realized experimentally [14], including more involved diode designs based on two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystals [15] or non-symmetric photonic crystal gratings exhibiting anomalous diffraction effects [16]. Interesting proposals to achieve full nonreciprocity have recently been proposed either by dynamically inducing indirect photonic transitions [17] or by exploiting other acousto-optic effects induced by ultrahigh frequency coherent acoustic waves [18].…”

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Optical Nonreciprocity of Cold Atom Bragg Mirrors in Motion

et al. 2013

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Reciprocity is fundamental to light transport and is a concept that holds also in rather complex systems. Yet, reciprocity can be switched off even in linear, isotropic and passive media by setting the material structure into motion. In highly dispersive multilayers this leads to a fairly large forwardbackward asymmetry in the pulse transmission. Moreover, in multilevel systems, this transport phenomenon can be all-optically enhanced. For atomic multilayer structures made of three-level cold 87 Rb atoms, for instance, forward-backward transmission contrast around 95% can be obtained already at atomic speeds in the meter per second range. The scheme we illustrate may open up avenues for optical isolation that were not previously accessible.PACS numbers: 42.50. Wk, 42.70.Qs, 42.50.Gy, 37.10.Vz Much attention has been devoted to the development of advanced materials and composite systems to achieve optical functionalities not readily available in natural media. Such optical metamaterials can be engineered to stretch the rules that govern light propagation and lightmatter interaction, potentially seeding a new paradigm in all-optical, optoelectronic and optomechanical devices. Photonic crystals and negatively refracting media are prominent instances of man-made systems the optical properties of which can be tailored to a great extent. Nevertheless, some tasks are more difficult than others. Already in the familiar process of linear reflection and transmission of light [1] it is in general hard to achieve non-reciprocity. In particular, multilayer photonic structures made with linear isotropic media with dissipation and/or gain may exhibit reflection non-reciprocity, i.e., an unbalance between the forward and backward reflectivities. There are even cases in which one of them can be made negligible and the other one can increase without limit with the sample thickness [2]; this occurs in the so called P T -symmetric media which exhibit a variety of peculiar optical properties [3,4]. Yet, it is not possible to achieve a non-reciprocal transmissivity in such linear and passive systems. Transmission reciprocity is almost ubiquitous in optics [1,5].Non-reciprocal transmission is however rather desirable for information processing and crucial to the development of optical-based functional components in photonics. In much the same way in which electrical nonreciprocity has been realized through diodes, devising an optical diode is challenging, even in theory. Ideally, an optical diode would allow total light transmission over a bundle of wavelengths in one direction, providing total isolation in the reverse direction. Previous * s.horsley@exeter.ac.uk work on non-reciprocal transmission has been based on either magneto-optical effects [6][7][8] or non linear processes [9,10]. Other mechanisms have also been explored [11][12][13] and realized experimentally [14], including more involved diode designs based on two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystals [15] or non-symmetric photonic crystal gratings exhibiting anomal...

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Bistable diode action in left-handed periodic structures

Cited by 135 publications

References 17 publications

Ultrahigh Contrast One-Way Optical Transmission Through a Subwavelength Slit

Ultrahigh Contrast One-Way Optical Transmission Through a Subwavelength Slit

Modeling of On-Chip Optical Nonreciprocity with an Active Microcavity

Optical Nonreciprocity of Cold Atom Bragg Mirrors in Motion

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