Bitter principle and a related steroid glucoside from Vernonia amygdalina, a possible medicinal plant for wild chimpanzees.

Ohigashi, Hajime; Jisaka, Mitsuo; Takagaki, Teruyoshi; Nozaki, Hirōshi; Tada, Toshiji; Huffman, Michael A.; Nishida, Toshisada; Kaji, Mikio; Koshimįzu, Koichi

doi:10.1271/bbb1961.55.1201

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…The report indicated that lower dose (100 mg/kg) of Vernonia amygdalina leaves extracts had no deleterious effect on the testis. This result is in conformity with several reports (Ohigashi et al, 1991;Jisaka et al;Igile et al;Oyeyemi et al).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The Histo-morphometric Evidences of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract-induced Testicular Toxicity

2013

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SUMMARY:Vernonia amygdalina (bitter-leaf) is native to West Africa but occurs mostly in its cultivated form in various parts of central and southern Nigeria. It is a dark-green leafy vegetable commonly used in cooking and as folkloric medicine for the management of several diseases in Nigeria. In the present study, the effects of varying doses of ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina on the rat testis histo-morphometry were investigated. Forty male wistar rats were divided into groups of four. Group A, as the control was given 10 ml/kg/day/oral distilled water while Group B, C and D subsequently treated with 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg/day/oral route Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract respectively for 56 days. Results showed that Group B rats had normal testis histology comparable to the control group. However, rats in Group C and D exhibited dose-dependent poor testes histo-morphometric profiles, with the higher dosage-group (D) providing a worse feature. Thus, there was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the tubular diameter, crosssectional area of the tubules, number of tubular profiles per unit area and the mean numerical density of seminiferous tubules of Group C and Group D animals compared to the control group. Our results therefore indicated that, while the lower dose (100 mg/kg) of Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract can be accommodated by rat testis, the higher doses (300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) demonstrate testicular toxicity in the rat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The Histo-morphometric Evidences of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract-induced Testicular Toxicity

2013

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“…Generally, the leaves of V. amygdalina are rich in steroidal saponins, sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids (Ohigashi et al 1991;Jisaka et al 1992;Igile et al 1994;Erasto et al 2006). These natural products may be responsible for the antidiabetic properties of the leaves of this plant.…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of leaf extracts ofVernonia amygdalinaon glucose utilization in chang-liver, C₂C₁₂muscle and 3T3-L1 cells

Erasto¹,

Venter²,

Roux³

et al. 2009

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…In the local community the leaves are used as antihelmint, a laxative and an antimalarial because they contain quinine substitute. It is noted that the leaves contain stigmastane-type saponins such as vernoniosides A1, B1, A2, A3, B2, D2, A4 and C which have been identified in the leaves (Ohigashi et al 1991;Jisaka et al, 1992;Kamperdick et al, 1992). It was also noted by Philipson et al, 1993, that the antiplasmodial effects of some sesquisterpene and steroidal constituents of Vernonia amygdalina are also effective against plasmodium falciparium in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Screening Of Activity Directed Extracts A Of <i>Vernonia Amygdalina</i> Leaves

Ekam¹,

Ebong²,

Umoh³

2010

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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Fractionation of the crude ethanolic extract of vernonia amygdalina using organic solvents of increasing polarities yielded activity directed fractions of benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, methanol and residue E. Phytochemical screening of the fractions show that there were significant differences (p≤0.05) qualitatively in the levels of tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, saponins and alkaloids in the various fractions. While the benzene extract had very low levels of tannins, saponins and alkaloids, the ethyl acetate fraction had low levels of tannins and terpenoids as well as very low levels of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and alkaloids. The butanol fraction had a high level of tannins, low level of flavonoids and saponins while the methanol fraction had high levels of tannins and flavonoids as well as low levels of cardiac glycosides, saponins and alkaloids with a very low level of terpenoids. The water soluble residue E had very high levels of tannins, a high level of saponins, low levels of alkaloids and very low levels of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and terpenoids. Phytochemical content of the various fractions increased with increasing polarities of the organic solvent used. The relatively high Phytochemical content of the butanol, methanol and residue E fractions may be exploited for medicinal purposes.

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Bitter principle and a related steroid glucoside from Vernonia amygdalina, a possible medicinal plant for wild chimpanzees.

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

The Histo-morphometric Evidences of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract-induced Testicular Toxicity

The Histo-morphometric Evidences of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract-induced Testicular Toxicity

Effect of leaf extracts ofVernonia amygdalinaon glucose utilization in chang-liver, C₂C₁₂muscle and 3T3-L1 cells

Phytochemical Screening Of Activity Directed Extracts A Of <i>Vernonia Amygdalina</i> Leaves

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Bitter principle and a related steroid glucoside from Vernonia amygdalina, a possible medicinal plant for wild chimpanzees.

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

The Histo-morphometric Evidences of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract-induced Testicular Toxicity

The Histo-morphometric Evidences of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract-induced Testicular Toxicity

Effect of leaf extracts ofVernonia amygdalinaon glucose utilization in chang-liver, C2C12muscle and 3T3-L1 cells

Phytochemical Screening Of Activity Directed Extracts A Of <i>Vernonia Amygdalina</i> Leaves

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Effect of leaf extracts ofVernonia amygdalinaon glucose utilization in chang-liver, C₂C₁₂muscle and 3T3-L1 cells