Black aspergilli as causes of otomycosis in the era of molecular diagnostics, a mini-review

Sarvestani, Hasti Kamali; Seifi, Amirreza; Falahatinejad, Mahsa; Mahmoudi, Shahram

doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101240

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moreover, disease occurrence is not limited to direct sand and water contact, since strong winds and water activities can generate and propagate aerosolized particles carrying microbiota from what is in the water surface [110] and in the sand [74]. These particles may be inhaled but can also deposited on any exposed skin and mucosal surface or penetrate nostrils and ears, which is particularly relevant for some bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Mucoraceae [111] and Aspergillus section Nigri [112], respectively.…”

Section: Recommendations For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water: Looking Ahead

Brandão

Weiskerger

Valério

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Beach sand and water have both shown relevance for human health and their microbiology have been the subjects of study for decades. Recently, the World Health Organization recommended that recreational beach sands be added to the matrices monitored for enterococci and Fungi. Global climate change is affecting beach microbial contamination, via changes to conditions like water temperature, sea level, precipitation, and waves. In addition, the world is changing, and humans travel and relocate, often carrying endemic allochthonous microbiota. Coastal areas are amongst the most frequent relocation choices, especially in regions where desertification is taking place. A warmer future will likely require looking beyond the use of traditional water quality indicators to protect human health, in order to guarantee that waterways are safe to use for bathing and recreation. Finally, since sand is a complex matrix, an alternative set of microbial standards is necessary to guarantee that the health of beach users is protected from both sand and water contaminants. We need to plan for the future safer use of beaches by adapting regulations to a climate-changing world.

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Section: Recommendations For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water: Looking Ahead

Brandão

Weiskerger

Valério

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The dominant causative agents of otomycosis are fungi of Aspergillus (A.) and Candida (C.) genera; more precisely, species of A. niger complex, along with C. parapsilosis and C. albicans [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Presentations, Cluster Analysis and Laboratory-Based Investigation of Aspergillus Otomycosis—A Single Center Experience

Bojanović

Ignjatović

Stalević

et al. 2022

JoF

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Species of Aspergillus (A.) niger complex and A. flavus complex are predominant molds that are causative agents of otomycoses. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical presentation, diagnostic procedure, and appearance of relapse in patients with Aspergillus-otomycosis, as well as to determine the biofilm production ability of species isolated in relapse. Thirty patients with laboratory evidenced Aspergillus-otomycosis followed by two check-ups (30 and 60 days after initiation of treatment with antimycotics for local application) were included in the study. For isolation and identification of Aspergillus spp. the standard mycological procedure was applied. Results showed very high sensitivity of microscopy, but 16.7% Aspergillus species required the optimal temperature of 27–28 °C for cultivation. Applied statistical cluster analysis showed a defined specific cluster/group of patients with A. niger complex-otomycosis. Sixty days after diagnosis and treatment initiation, six patients had a relapse, with the same species of Aspergillus genus being the cause. To establish the ability of biofilm production, the modified method described by Pierce and Kvasničková was performed, and all six species isolated in the relapse episode had the ability to produce biofilm. Official criteria and recommendations are needed due to the possibility of misdiagnosis, which leads to the prolongation and complication of the disease.

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“…The MIC distribution of Aspergillus species isolates against triazole antifungals is analogous to the CLSI ECVs and likely to outrun it over time. Since the cryptic species of Aspergillus has different patterns of antifungal susceptibility, infection control might benefit from identification using more precise methods such as DNA sequencing for all isolated strains 61 . As investigating fungal otitis was prioritised, the determination of bacterial otitis was just limited to exercising direct examination and culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otomycosis: The foremost aetiological agent causing otitis externa and the antifungal susceptibility pattern in North‐Western Iran

Roohi

Nemati

Alipour

et al. 2022

Mycoses

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Background:Otomycosis is considered a recurring fungal ear infection. The external auditory canal provides an appropriate and optimal situation for fungal growth. Objectives:The study aimed to identify the causative agents of otomycosis and determine corresponding antifungal drug susceptibility patterns in north-western Iran.Methods: From October 2020 until November 2021, 200 patients attended an otolaryngology referral centre with otitis externa, and their ear discharge and debris were examined and cultured. The identification of the fungal agents was implemented by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was conducted in accordance with the CLSI broth microdilution protocols. Results:The prevalence of otomycosis was measured 50.5% (n = 101/200). The majority of patients were in their forties (n = 35, 34.6%) and female (n = 57, 56.4%), and the most prevalent symptom was otalgia (56.4%). The most underlying factor was remarked manipulation employing a cotton swab (65.3%). Regarding fungus, Aspergillus section Nigri (58.57%) was the foremost isolate, followed by Aspergillus section Flavi (19.23%) and Candida parapsilosis (14.96%). The predominance of Aspergillus isolates had minimal in vitro sensitivity to tioconazole and nystatin. Candida species represented higher geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against nystatin. The MIC of three Aspergillus species isolates shown above the epidemiologic cut-off values (ECV) against itraconazole. Conclusions: Otomycosis incidence surpassed in comparison with the previous study as the most common cause of otitis externa. The MIC distribution of Aspergillus species isolates against triazole antifungals is close to the defined ECVs and likely outrun it over time.

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Black aspergilli as causes of otomycosis in the era of molecular diagnostics, a mini-review

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water: Looking Ahead

Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water: Looking Ahead

Clinical Presentations, Cluster Analysis and Laboratory-Based Investigation of Aspergillus Otomycosis—A Single Center Experience

Otomycosis: The foremost aetiological agent causing otitis externa and the antifungal susceptibility pattern in North‐Western Iran

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