Black carbon mass size distributions of diesel exhaust and urban aerosols measured using differential mobility analyzer in tandem with Aethalometer

Ning, Zhi; Chan, Ka Lok; Wong, Kwok-Wo; Westerdahl, Dane; Močnik, Griša; Zhou, Jintang; Cheung, Chun Shun

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.037

Cited by 73 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…M LAC concentrations were highly correlated (R > 0.75) with number concentration of particles in the range 56-119 nm irrespective of the weekday. The maximum correlation (R = 0.87) was found at D p ~113 nm, similar to the diameter found in Santiago de Chile (D p ~100 nm) (G. Olivares, personal communication, 2014) which coincides with the strong unimodal diameter of elemental carbon mass distribution emitted by automobiles (Ning et al, 2013). Correlations between NO x and number concentration per channel were generally higher (Fig.…”

Section: Correlation Analysissupporting

confidence: 55%

Characterisation and Source Apportionment of Submicron Particle Number Size Distributions in a Busy Street Canyon

Krecl

Targino

Johansson

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Street canyons are well-known hot spots due to the harmful exposure to high concentrations of atmospheric pollutants emitted mainly by motor vehicles. We report on measurements of air pollutants conducted in a street canyon in Stockholm (Sweden) in spring 2006. Particle number size distributions (PNSD) were measured in the 25-606 nm range, along with total particle number, light-absorbing carbon mass concentration (M LAC ), PM 10 , NO x , CO, traffic rate (TR), vehicle speed and meteorological variables. We used PNSD as input to the positive matrix factorisation (PMF) analysis to identify and apportion the pollutant sources. All pollutants showed distinct diurnal patterns, with highest concentrations in weekday mornings (08:00-09:00). TR was always higher on weekdays, except for the early hours (00:00-06:00). The raise in the weekend early-hour TR was accompanied by the largest M LAC of the day, a higher NO x /CO ratio compared to weekdays and a modal shift of PNSD towards larger diameters (47-56 nm), indicates a change in the vehicle fleet share to being dominated by diesel-run taxis. The largest contribution to the submicron particles was observed for winds blowing along the canyon, transporting particles emitted by vehicles accelerating from the traffic lights at the intersection, uphill towards the measurement site, and from the nearby streets. Three PMF factors were identified: local emissions from a mixed fleet dominated by gasoline engines, local traffic emissions highly impacted by diesel vehicles, and urban background aerosol. On average, gasoline-fuelled vehicles largely contributed to NO x , and particle number concentrations (54-65%), whereas M LAC sources were dominated by diesel emissions, especially at weekends in the early hours (73%). The urban background contribution was rather low (4-13%) and with little dependence on the weekday. This work demonstrated how particle size distribution measurements, together with M LAC , NO x and CO can be used to quantify the contribution from diesel and gasoline vehicles.

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Section: Correlation Analysissupporting

confidence: 55%

Characterisation and Source Apportionment of Submicron Particle Number Size Distributions in a Busy Street Canyon

Krecl

Targino

Johansson

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…doubled (to 24 nm) compared to CAM4-Oslo (11.8 nm), in order to account for some growth from the BC monomer size near the emission source to a more 30 representative model grid mean value. This NMR is consistent with observations of somewhat aged BC mass size distributions of diesel exhaust and urban aerosol (Ning et al, 2013), and has also been shown to give more realistic aerosol number concentrations in a version of CAM4-Oslo with improved nucleation parametrization (M14). The new NMR is also more in line with the Aitken mode fossil fuel carbonaceous particle size assumptions applied by the participating models in the multimodel AeroCom aerosol microphysics model inter-comparison study (Mann et al, 2014), which were in the range 15-40 nm.…”

Section: Aerosol Microphysics 10supporting

confidence: 76%

A production-tagged aerosol module for earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo

Kirkevåg¹,

Grini²,

Olivié³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. We here document model updates, and present and discuss modelling and validation results, from a further developed production tagged aerosol module, OsloAero5.3, for use in earth system models. The aerosol module has in this study been implemented and applied in CAM5.3-Oslo. This model is based on CAM5.3/CESM1.2 and its own predecessor model version CAM4-Oslo. OsloAero5.3 has improved treatment of emissions, aerosol chemistry, particle lifecycle and 20 aerosol-cloud interactions compared to its predecessor OsloAero4.0 in CAM4-Oslo. The main new features consist of improved aerosol sources, the module now explicitly accounting for aerosol particle nucleation and secondary organic aerosol production, with also new emissions schemes for sea-salt, dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and marine primary organics. Mineral 2 observation data. Comparing clear-sky column integrated optical properties with data from ground based remote sensing, we find a negative bias in optical depth globally, however not as strong as in CAM4-Oslo, while it is biased high for areas typically dominated by mineral dust emissions. Aerosol absorption has a larger negative bias than the optical depth globally, and is less overestimated in areas where mineral dust is the main contributor to absorption. Globally, the low bias in absorption is smaller than in CAM4-Oslo. The Ångström parameter exhibits small biases both globally and regionally, suggesting that the aerosol 5 particle sizes are reasonably well represented. Cloud top droplet number concentrations over oceans are generally underestimated compared to satellite retrievals, but seem to be overestimated downwind of major emissions of dust and biomass burning sources. Finally we find small changes in direct radiative forcing at top of the atmosphere, while the cloud radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosols is now more negative than in CAM4-Oslo, being on the strong side compared to the multi-model estimate in IPCC AR5. Although not all validation results in this study show improvement for the present 10 CAM5.3-Oslo version, the extended and updated aerosol module OsloAero5.3 is more advanced and applicable than its predecessor OsloAero4.0, as it includes new parameterizations which more readily facilitate sensitivity and process studies and use in climate and earth system model studies in general.

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“…For EC and PMF components, their bulk concentrations were used, assuming that the time variations of the mass concentrations of EC and PMF components for the particles of d dry of 150 nm are proportional to the bulk mass concentrations. For EC, the temporal variation patterns of EC in ~150 nm particles are expected to be particularly similar to that of the bulk EC because there is a report that the mode diameter of the mass size distribution of EC particles in an urban area is around 200 nm [ Ning et al , ]. The correlation coefficients of n (log g ) of the nearly hydrophobic particles against EC were higher than those against other inorganic components, suggesting that the substantial part of nearly hydrophobic particles consisted of EC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygroscopicity of aerosol particles and CCN activity of nearly hydrophobic particles in the urban atmosphere over Japan during summer

et al. 2016

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We investigated the hygroscopicity of 150 nm particles and the number‐size distributions and the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of nearly hydrophobic particles in aerosols over Nagoya, Japan, during summer. We analyzed the correlations between the number concentrations of particles in specific hygroscopic growth factor (g) ranges and the mass concentrations of chemical components. This analysis suggests the association of nearly hydrophobic particles with hydrocarbon‐like organic aerosol, elemental carbon and semivolatile oxygenated organic aerosol (SV‐OOA), that of less hygroscopic particles with SV‐OOA and nitrate and that of more hygroscopic particles with low‐volatile oxygenated organic aerosol (LV‐OOA) and sulfate. The hygroscopicity parameter (κ) of organics was derived based on the g distributions and chemical composition of 150 nm particles. The κ of the organics correlated positively with the fraction of the total organic mass spectral signal at m/z 44 and the volume fraction of the LV‐OOA to the organics, indicating that organics with highly oxygenated structures including carboxylic acid groups contribute to the water uptake. The number‐size distributions of the nearly hydrophobic particles with g around 1.0 and 1.1 correlated with the mass concentrations of chemical components. The results show that the chemical composition of the particles with g around 1.0 was different between the Aitken mode and the accumulation mode size ranges. An analysis for a parameter Fmax of the curves fitted to the CCN efficiency spectra of the particles with g around 1.0 suggests that the coating by organics associated with SV‐OOA elevated the CCN activity of these particles.

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Black carbon mass size distributions of diesel exhaust and urban aerosols measured using differential mobility analyzer in tandem with Aethalometer

Cited by 73 publications

References 47 publications

Characterisation and Source Apportionment of Submicron Particle Number Size Distributions in a Busy Street Canyon

Characterisation and Source Apportionment of Submicron Particle Number Size Distributions in a Busy Street Canyon

A production-tagged aerosol module for earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo

Hygroscopicity of aerosol particles and CCN activity of nearly hydrophobic particles in the urban atmosphere over Japan during summer

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