Black Film Mulching and Plant Density Influencing Soil Water Temperature Conditions and Maize Root Growth

Sun, Shijun; Chen, Zhijun; Jiang, Hao; Zhang, Linlin

doi:10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Plant population density had no effect on RLD v and average root diameter against and between crop rows at V6 and VT (Tables 3 and 4). This is in contrast with findings of Sun, Chen, Jiang, and Zhang (2018), who reported that root diameter decreased as plant population increased. Maize root diameter is directly linked to the investment of biomass to its roots by each plant (Eissenstat, 1992).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Rainfed maize root morphology in response to plant population under no‐tillage

2020

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Maize (Zea mays L.) plant population effects on aboveground growth is well recognized, but little is known regarding the effects on root morphology. Plant population effects on various root parameters were explored in situ under no‐tillage in a semi‐arid environment. A 2‐yr field trial was conducted using three plant population treatments (20,000; 30,000; and 40,000 plants ha−1) at 0.76 m row spacing. Digital images were collected at four soil depths in acrylic minirhizotron tubes using a CI‐600 In Situ Root Imager. Digital images were analyzed using the RootSnap! analysis software. In Season 1, plant population had no effect on volumetric root length density (RLDv) against the crop rows at the 0–60 cm depths. In Season 2, a lower RLDv (P < .05) was found at 30,000 plants ha−1 than 20,000 plants ha−1 at the 15–30 cm depth. A lower (P < .05) RLDv was found at 20,000 plants ha−1 compared to 30,000 plants ha−1 at 30–45 cm depth. Average root diameter was greater (P < .05) in Season 1 compared to Season 2 at all depths. Lateral root length against crop rows were 37 and 39% greater (P < .05) in Season 1 compared to Season 2 at 15–30 and 30–45 cm depths, respectively. Across treatments, yield was 7,001 and 4,940 kg ha−1 in Season 1 and 2, respectively. Yield increased by 351 kg ha−1 for each 0.2 cm cm−3 increase in RLDv against crop rows. Plant population effects on maize root morphology is reduced in dry seasons and is mainly affected by season and soil depth.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Rainfed maize root morphology in response to plant population under no‐tillage

2020

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“…There is an important relationship between root growth and the photosynthetic products transported from the shoot (Ogawa et al, 2005). As planting density increases, root growth becomes inhibited, and the root length, surface area, and root activity decrease (Liedgens et al, 2000;Niu et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2018). Our field and soil column experiment results showed that senescence of lower leaves significantly reduced root biomass, root length, and root surface area in two maize varieties post-silking (Tables 2, 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Increased Maize Plant Population Induced Leaf Senescence, Suppressed Root Growth, Nitrogen Uptake, and Grain Yield

Liu

Dong

et al. 2019

Agronomy Journal

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To date, little attention has been paid to the effects of lower position leaves on root function and N uptake in maize. This study was conducted to analysis the relationship between lower leaf senescence and root function in different plant population (67,500 plants ha-1 , 90,000 plants ha-1). We used the maize varieties DengHai661 (DH661) and ZhengDan958 (ZD958) in field and soil column experiments to unravel this physiological puzzle. The field experiment evaluated their effects on N accumulation and grain yield. Relative to the low plant population, the high plant population reduced leaf area (52.6-69.2%), and the root biomass (25.5-31.8%) per plant. Grain weight and the number of grains per ear were also negatively affected. Biomass and grain yield generally increased (P < 0.05) with increasing plant population. The grain yield of DH661 and ZD958 increased by 8.1% and 10.1% in 2015, and 7.5% and 13.0% in 2016, respectively. The N accumulation of two varieties postsilking decreased. In the soil column experiments, we found that lower leaf senescence suppressed root growth, N uptake, and altered N partition, thereby decreasing green leaf area and ultimately affecting grain yield. Grain yield in DH661 and ZD958 decreased by 5.8 and 8.6%, respectively. Our results suggest that delaying lower leaf senescence in high plant population would be conducive to maintaining the N-uptake ability of roots, higher canopy photosynthetic capacity, and the building of grain sink to obtain higher yields.

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“…In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimension of meteorological factors with the criteria that the cumulative contribution was ≥85% and the eigenvalue was >1. If these criteria were satisfied, then the principal components (PCs) were selected to represent all meteorological information (Feng et al, 2018;Sun, Chen, Jiang, & Zhang, 2018). The multiple linear regression (MLR) method was then used to describe the impacts of the PCs and soil water contents on the evaporation properties of the different landscapes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil evaporation and its impact on salt accumulation in different landscapes under freeze–thaw conditions in an arid seasonal frozen region

Sheng

Huang

Ren

et al. 2021

Vadose Zone Journal

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Soil evaporation and its associated processes are vital for agricultural production and ecosystems in seasonal frozen regions. However, soil evaporation and its impact on salt accumulation in different landscapes during freeze-thaw periods have not been well elucidated. In this study, field experiments were carried out to investigate soil evaporation and salt accumulation patterns in three typical landscapes-namely, cropland, woodland, and natural land-in an arid seasonal frozen region located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River basin from November 2018 to April 2019. The results indicated the highest soil evaporation occurred on natural land with a total amount of 148.5 mm during the freeze-thaw period from 2018 to 2019, whereas woodland had the smallest soil evaporation of 56.9 mm. Over 75% of soil evaporation occurred during the thawing stage for all three landscapes. The average daily evaporation was below 1 mm d-1 for the whole freeze-thaw period and was 0.1 mm d-1 for the stable freezing stage. Compared with humidity and wind speed, temperature and soil water content had a greater impact on soil evaporation. At the end of the thawing stage, the salt content in the topsoil (0-10 cm) layer increased significantly with an increasing rate of 70-225%. Salt concentrations in the topsoil were significantly and linearly related to the cumulative soil evaporation during the freeze-thaw period. The current research is expected to provide implications for water management and salinity control in the upper reaches of the Yellow River basin and in other arid regions with similar conditions.

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Black Film Mulching and Plant Density Influencing Soil Water Temperature Conditions and Maize Root Growth

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Rainfed maize root morphology in response to plant population under no‐tillage

Rainfed maize root morphology in response to plant population under no‐tillage

Increased Maize Plant Population Induced Leaf Senescence, Suppressed Root Growth, Nitrogen Uptake, and Grain Yield

Soil evaporation and its impact on salt accumulation in different landscapes under freeze–thaw conditions in an arid seasonal frozen region

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