Black hole factory: A review of double-null formalism

Nakonieczna, Anna; Nakonieczny, Łukasz; Yeom, Dong-han

doi:10.1142/s0218271819300064

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Between these two parts there exist also timelike portions of the horizon. It seems characteristic for the non-minimality of the scalargravity couplings, as was not observed when only minimally coupled scalars were involved in the process, neither in the current paper nor in previous works on the subject (see, e.g., [34] and references therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

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Gravitational dynamics in the toy model of the Higgs-dark matter sector: the field theoretic perspective

Nakonieczna

Nakonieczny

2020

Eur. Phys. J. C

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The objective of the paper was to examine gravitational evolutions in the Higgs-dark matter sector toy model. The real part of the Higgs doublet was modelled by a neutral scalar. Two dark matter candidates introduced were the dark photon and a charged complex scalar. Non-minimal couplings of both scalars to gravity were included. The coupling channels between the ordinary and dark matter sectors were kinetic mixing between the electromagnetic and dark U(1) fields and the Higgs portal coupling among the scalars. The structures of emerging singular spacetimes were either of Schwarzschild or Reissner–Nordström types. The non-minimal scalar–gravity couplings led to an appearance of timelike portions of apparent horizons where they transform from spacelike to null. The features of dynamical black holes were described as functions of the model parameters. The black holes formed later and their radii and masses were smaller as the mass parameter of the complex scalar increased. The dependencies on the coupling of the Higgs field to gravity exhibited extrema, which were a maximum for the time of the black holes formation and minima in the cases of their radii and masses. A set of quantities associated with an observer moving with the evolving matter was proposed. The energy density, radial pressure and pressure anisotropy within dynamical spacetimes get bigger as the singularity is approached. The increase is more considerable in the Reissner–Nordström spacetimes. The apparent horizon local temperature changes monotonically in the minimally coupled case and non-monotonically when non-minimal scalar–gravity couplings are involved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…Formation of additional spacetime special regions, such as event and Cauchy horizons, dynamical horizons, wormhole throats, vacuum bubbles, etc., can be followed within this formalism. A comprehensive review on employing the double null formalism in investigations of gravitational collapse of matter can be found in [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational dynamics in the toy model of the Higgs-dark matter sector: the field theoretic perspective

Nakonieczna

Nakonieczny

2020

Eur. Phys. J. C

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show abstract

“…Between these two parts there exist also timelike portions of the horizon. It seems characteristic for the non-minimality of the scalar-gravity couplings, as was not observed when only minimally coupled scalars were involved in the process, neither in the current paper nor in previous works on the subject (see, e.g., [34] and references therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Gravitational dynamics in the Higgs-dark matter sector toy model: the field theoretic perspective

Nakonieczna,

Nakonieczny

2020

Preprint

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The objective of the paper was to examine the course and results of gravitational collapse in the toy model of the Higgs-dark matter sector. The real part of the Higgs doublet written in the unitary gauge was modelled by a neutral scalar field. Two dark matter candidates were introduced to the model. One of them is the dark photon, which can be associated with one of the included U (1) gauge fields. The other one is a complex scalar field, charged under the second U (1) gauge field that represents the Maxwell field. Additionally, non-minimal couplings of both scalars to gravity were taken into account. There were two coupling channels between the ordinary and dark matter sectors, that is a kinetic mixing between the U (1) gauge fields and the Higgs portal coupling among the scalars. Numerical, fully non-linear simulations of the investigated gravitational process were performed within the model of interest and its truncated version, with scalars minimally coupled to gravity. The structures of emerging singular spacetimes were analyzed via the behavior of dynamical horizons forming in them. The features of dynamical black holes appearing in the spacetimes were described as functions of the parameters of the model. A set of quantities associated with an observer moving with the collapsing matter was proposed and calculated for the dynamical spacetimes. During the collapse leading to a dynamical singular spacetime, either a Schwarzschild or Reissner-Nordström spacetimes were formed. The non-minimal scalar-gravity couplings led to an appearance of timelike portions of an apparent horizon in the region, where it transforms from spacelike to null. The dependencies of the time of formation, the radii and masses of emerging black holes on the mass parameter of the model were the same amongst the investigated cases. The black holes formed later and their radii and masses were smaller as the mass parameter increased. The relations between the black holes features and the non-minimal coupling of the Higgs field to gravity were also uniform and exhibited extrema, which were a maximum for the time of the black holes formation and minima in the cases of their radii, masses and charges. The energy density, radial pressure and pressure anisotropy within dynamical spacetimes get bigger as the singularity is approached and the increase is more considerable in spacetimes of the Reissner-Nordström type.

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“…This approach closely mirrors the reasoning used in previous numerical studies of the interior of black holes using double null coordinates, see e.g. [38,39] and references therein. Excising along the outer boundary allows one to approach this problem using 1 + 3 time evolution, although the CFL condition (section 2.1) would restrict one to excising on a spacelike, instead of an exactly null, surface if the CFL number is less than one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Excision and avoiding the use of boundary conditions in numerical relativity

Ripley

2019

Class. Quantum Grav.

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A procedure for evolving hyperbolic systems of equations on compact computational domains with no boundary conditions was recently described in [1]. In that proposal, the computational grid is expanded in spacelike directions with respect to the outermost characteristic and initial data is imposed on the expanded grid boundary. We discuss a related method that removes the need for imposing boundary conditions: the computational domain is excised along a direction spacelike or tangent to the innermost going characteristic. We compare the two methods, and provide example evolutions from a code that implements the excision method: evolution of a massless self-gravitating scalar field in spherical symmetry. * jripley@princeton.edu 1 arXiv:1908.04234v2 [gr-qc]

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Black hole factory: A review of double-null formalism

Cited by 9 publications

References 91 publications

Gravitational dynamics in the toy model of the Higgs-dark matter sector: the field theoretic perspective

Gravitational dynamics in the toy model of the Higgs-dark matter sector: the field theoretic perspective

Gravitational dynamics in the Higgs-dark matter sector toy model: the field theoretic perspective

Excision and avoiding the use of boundary conditions in numerical relativity

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