Black Hole in Quantum Wave Dark Matter

Abstract

In this work, we explored the effect of the fuzzy dark matter (FDM) (or wave dark matter) halo on a supermassive black hole (SMBH). Such a dark matter introduces a soliton core density profile, and we treat it ideally as a spherical distribution that surrounds the SMBH located at its center. In this direction, we obtained a new metric due to the union of the black hole and dark matter spacetime geometries. We applied the solution to the two known SMBH ‐ Sgr. A* and M87* and used the empirical data for the shadow diameter by EHT to constrain the soliton core radius rnormalc$r_\text{c}$ given some values of the boson mass mnormalb$m_\text{b}$. Then, we examine the behavior of the shadow radius based on such constraints and relative to a static observer. We found that different shadow sizes are perceived at regions robs<rc$r_\text{obs}&lt;r_\text{c}$ and robs>rc$r_\text{obs}&gt;r_\text{c}$, and the deviation is greater for values mb<10−22$m_\text{b}&lt;10^{-22}$ eV. Concerning the shadow behavior, we have also analyzed the effect of the soliton profile on the thin‐accretion disk. Soliton dark matter effects manifest through the varying luminosity near the event horizon. We also analyzed the weak deflection angle and the produced Einstein rings due to soliton effects. We found considerable deviation, better than the shadow size deviation, for the light source near the SMBH with impact parameters comparable to the soliton core. Our results suggest the possible experimental detection of soliton dark matter effects using an SMBH at the galactic centers.

Testing symmergent gravity through the shadow image and weak field photon deflection by a rotating black hole using the M87$$^*$$ and Sgr. $$\hbox {A}^*$$ results

“…Interestingly, the exploration of the effects of astrophysical environments on the black hole geometry has been recently considered by various authors since one can study indirectly these environments using deviations in the black hole shadow. For instance, the effect of dark matter halo on the black hole shadow was studied [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. The possibility of gaining information on the quantum nature of black holes was also considered [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59].…”

4D scale-dependent Schwarzschild-AdS/dS black holes: study of shadow and weak deflection angle and greybody bounding

“…In 2008, Gibbons and Werner found a new way to derive deflection angle of the black holes in weak field limits by using Gauss-bonnet theorem on the optical metric for the Schwarzschild black hole [74], then Werner extended it to stationary black holes using the Kerr-Randers optical geometry [75]. Since then, this method of Gibbons-Werner has been used in various papers to show the weak deflection angle of many black holes or wormholes in the literature [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92].…”

Constraints on charged symmergent black hole from shadow and lensing

“…Many authors have considered the fingerprints of alternative theories of gravity through the shadow , while others explored the effects of the astrophysical environment into the shadow [76][77][78][79][80][81]. Through the black hole shadow, it also can penetrate through its quantum nature [82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89].…”