We study the phase structure of quantum improved Schwarzschild-(A)dS black holes in asymptotically safe gravity. Our results confirm some of the well-known properties of quantum black holes. For example, the quantum effect provides a repulsive force in the core region near singularity which stabilizes the thermodynamically unstable small black holes, and also creates a zero temperature state with finite size. We suggest that this could be a candidate for dark matter. We find a new second order phase transition between small and large black holes for quantum improved Schwarzschild-Anti de Sitter black holes. We also discuss the black holes with different spatial topologies and find a notable duality.