Black Rot Lesions on Overwintered Canes of<i>Euvitis</i>Supply Conidia of<i>Guignardia bidwellii</i>for Primary Inoculum in Spring

Becker, C. M.

doi:10.1094/pd-80-0024

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In Michigan, conidia were first trapped in the rainwater running off from overwintered rotted berries in late April (when shoots were approximately 5 cm long); conidia were then released in relatively low numbers until mid-June (cap fall), at which time conidia release progressively increased until late July (when berries were about 1 cm in diameter) (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1978). Conidia from pycnidia on canes were released from budburst until harvest (Becker and Pearson 1996). Rossi et al (2014) used the information from the papers cited in the previous paragraph to develop and parameterise equations relating the number of days after budburst of vines or accumulated degree-days (DD) to cumulative numbers of air-borne ascospores trapped over the season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Onesti

González‐Domínguez

Manstretta

et al. 2017

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims Black rot, caused by Guignardia bidwellii, is a polycyclic grape disease with repeated primary and secondary infections. In this work, the release of primary inoculum (both ascospores and conidia) from overwintered grape mummies was studied over a 3‐year period. Methods and Results A spore sampler was designed consisting of: (i) a funnel for collecting spores washed off from grape mummies by rain; and (ii) microscope slides for spores being airborne in the proximity of mummies. Ascospores and conidia were frequently found in the runoff water; Gompertz equations were developed describing their seasonal cumulative numbers as a function of degree‐days, with R2 ≥ 0.92. The number of both spore types in the runoff water significantly increased as the amount of rain and its duration and intensity increased; >1 and >3 mm of rain were the best cut‐off points for predicting the release of conidia and ascospores, respectively. No ascospores were found on the microscope slides, but conidia were found on rainy days, clustered in circular areas, probably due to droplets splashing from mummies to slides during rainfall. Conclusions This work provides new information on the inoculum dynamics of G. bidwellii in vineyards that can be used in refining disease prediction models for improved disease control. Significance of the Study New equations were developed to describe the dynamics of G. bidwellii spore release as a function of degree‐days, and 1 and 3 mm of rain have been proposed as cut‐off values to predict the release of conidia and ascospores, respectively. This information could be incorporated into the mathematical models supporting the decision‐making for disease control.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Onesti

González‐Domínguez

Manstretta

et al. 2017

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The inoculum dose consists of both primary and secondary inoculum. Availability of primary inoculum is determined by equations developed on the basis of field data collected in vineyards in Michigan, New York and Switzerland . Availability of secondary inoculum is mainly based on assumptions about the production of pycnidia and conidia on lesions, because no precise data are available in the literature for G. bidwellii .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate prediction of black rot epidemics in vineyards using a weather-driven disease model

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ferrin & Ramsdell () stated that primary black rot infections on young leaves are caused by ascospores liberated from fruit mummies infected in previous years. Contrarily, Becker & Pearson () also observed under North American conditions that black rot lesions on overwintered Euvitis canes can release large amounts of conidia at the beginning of the growing season. More recent studies of Loskill et al .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Infected canes, tendrils or mummies remaining in affected vineyards form the primary inoculum for the following season (Ferrin & Ramsdell, ; Becker & Pearson, ; Loskill et al ., ).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epidemiology, identification and disease management of grape black rot and potentially useful metabolites of black rot pathogens for industrial applications – a review

Molitor

Beyer²

2014

Annals of Applied Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phyllosticta ampelicida (teleomorph: Guignardia bidwellii) is the fungal plant pathogen that causes black rot on grapevine. It is able to infect all green, expanding grape tissues. Black rot poses a threat to both yield and wine quality; a severe attack can virtually cause a complete crop loss. The fungus is native to North America, and was spread to Europe at the end of the 19th century. With the beginning of the 21st century, an increasing importance of the disease was observed in several European winegrowing regions. Successful black rot control strategies combine sanitary measures, cultural techniques, growing cultivars with reduced susceptibility and the use of effective fungicides. Berries are most susceptible to infections between flowering and bunch closure and consequently, fungicide applications against black rot need to focus on this period. In this paper, forecast models and decision support systems that help to achieve satisfactory control with a minimum of fungicide input are presented. Black rot in grapevine was reported to be well controlled in field experiments by a broad range of fungicide classes including quinone outside inhibitors (98 ± 3% efficacy), demethylation inhibitors (98 ± 3% efficacy) and dithiocarbamates (92 ± 7% efficacy). Average efficacies of other fungicide classes tested so far ranged from 32 to 69%; meta data on the efficacy of fungicides in numerous field trials are given. At present, black rot causes major problems primarily if vineyard management and fungicide use were reduced or abandoned. Organically managed vineyards are highly affected. Hence, site and cultivar selection as well as cultural measures are of the highest importance especially in organic viticulture. Recent studies showed that some strains formerly classified as G. bidwellii in fact belong to a distinct species (P. parthenocissi). Black rot pathogens produce some phytotoxic secondary metabolites, such as phenguignardic acid, guignardic acid, alaguignardic acid and the guignardianones A, E and F, which could stimulate the development of new herbicides of natural origin.

show abstract

Black Rot Lesions on Overwintered Canes ofEuvitisSupply Conidia ofGuignardia bidwelliifor Primary Inoculum in Spring

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Accurate prediction of black rot epidemics in vineyards using a weather-driven disease model

Epidemiology, identification and disease management of grape black rot and potentially useful metabolites of black rot pathogens for industrial applications – a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About