Black soldier fly larvae meal can replace fish meal in diets of sea-water phase Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Belghit, Ikram; Liland, Nina Sylvia; Gjesdal, Petter; Biancarosa, Irene; Menchetti, Elisa; Li, Yanxian; Waagbø, Rune; Krogdahl, Åshild; Lock, Erik-Jan

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.12.032

Cited by 360 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…62 Conflicting results exist regarding the effects of insect meal on sensory attributes of fish fillets in the literature. Insect meal was reported to affect sensory profile of the fillets of Atlantic salmon 60 and rainbow trout, 63 but other studies did not observe any sensory differences in Atlantic salmon, 64 rainbow trout, 58 or common carp. 65 Challenges of incorporating insect meal into aquaculture feeds include the variable and sometimes less ideal nutritional profiles.…”

Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…For example, in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), insect meal produced using black soldier fly larvae replaced 100% of the fish meal at a dietary inclusion rate of 14.75%. 60 Insect meal produced using yellow mealworm at graded levels from 5% to 25% improved the growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and achieved a 100% replacement of fish meal 61 ( Figure 3A). Similar observations were made with red sea bream (Pagrus major) using insect meal produced using defatted yellow mealworm larvae, whereby inclusion rates of 25%-65% improved growth performance and disease resistance.…”

Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Future of Aquatic Protein: Implications for Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets

et al. 2019

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Approximately 70% of the aquatic-based production of animals is fed aquaculture, whereby animals are provided with high-protein aquafeeds. Currently, aquafeeds are reliant on fish meal and fish oil sourced from wild-captured forage fish. However, increasing use of forage fish is unsustainable and, because an additional 37.4 million tons of aquafeeds will be required by 2025, alternative protein sources are needed. Beyond plantbased ingredients, fishery and aquaculture byproducts and insect meals have the greatest potential to supply the protein required by aquafeeds over the next 10-20 years. Food waste also has potential through the biotransformation and/or bioconversion of raw waste materials, whereas microbial and macroalgal biomass have limitations regarding their scalability and protein content, respectively. In this review, we describe the considerable scope for improved efficiency in fed aquaculture and discuss the development and optimization of alternative protein sources for aquafeeds to ensure a socially and environmentally sustainable future for the aquaculture industry.

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Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Aquatic Protein: Implications for Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets

et al. 2019

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“…During the feed-ing trial, the water temperature ranged from 7°C to 13°C. Further details on the formulation and chemical composition of the diets, and insect meal have been reported elsewhere (31,32). At the termination of the feeding trial, 6 fish were randomly taken from each net pen, anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate (MS222 ® ; Argent Chemical Laboratories, Redmond, WA, USA) and euthanized by a sharp blow to the head.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Response of Digesta- and Mucosa-Associated Intestinal Microbiota to Dietary Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal in Seawater Phase Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Bruni

Jaramillo-Torres

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Intestinal digesta is commonly used for studying responses of microbiota to dietary shifts, yet evidence is accumulating that it represents an incomplete view of the intestinal microbiota. In a 16-week seawater feeding trial, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were fed either a commercially-relevant reference diet or an insect meal diet containing 15% black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal. The digesta-and mucosa-associated distal intestinal microbiota were profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Regardless of diet, we observed substantial differences between digesta-and mucosa-associated intestinal microbiota. Microbial richness and diversity were much higher in the digesta than the mucosa. The insect meal diet altered the distal intestinal microbiota resulting in higher microbial richness and diversity. The diet effect, however, depended on the sample origin. Digesta-associated intestinal microbiota showed more pronounced changes than the mucosa-associated microbiota. Lastly, multivariate association analyses identified two mucosa-enriched taxa, Brevinema andersonii and unclassified Spirochaetaceae, associated with the expression of genes related to immune responses and barrier function in the distal intestine, respectively. Overall, our data clearly indicate that responses in digesta-and mucosa-associated microbiota to dietary inclusion of insect meal differ, with the latter being more resilient to dietary changes. Microbiota | Gut biogeography | Atlantic salmon | Diet | Black soldier fly Correspondence: yanxianl@nmbu.no Characterizing intestinal microbiota and its associationsLi & Bruni et al. | bioRχiv | May 24, 2020 | 1-8 with host responses is an essential step towards identifying key microbial clades promoting fish health and welfare. Ultimately, a milestone in the fish microbiota research would be knowing how to selectively manipulate the microbiota to improve the growth performance, disease resistance and health status of farmed fish. The main aims of the work presented herein were (i) to compare distal intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon fed a commercially relevant diet and an insect meal-based diet, (ii) to further explore the dissimilarity between digesta-and mucosa-associated microbiota and the differences in their response to dietary changes, and (iii) to identify associations between microbial clades and host responses. This work was part of a larger study consisting of a freshwater and seawater feeding trial that aimed to investigate the nutritional value and possible health effects for Atlantic salmon of a protein-rich insect meal produced from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae. The present work focuses on the intestinal microbiota in seawater phase Atlantic salmon fed an insect meal diet containing 15% black soldier fly larvae meal for 16 weeks. Results on feed utilization, growth performance, fillet quality, intestinal histomorphology and gene expression have been reported elsewhere (30-32). ResultsHereafter, different sample groups are named based on the combination of die...

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“…When dietary modifications occur, digestive capacity and morphological changes of the intestinal tract are usually investigated in fish (Elia et al, 2018). Some research indicated that the suitable inclusion levels of BSF larvae in the diet did not have negative effects on gut health and nutrient digestibility by fish (Belghit et al, 2018;Elia et al, 2018;Li et al, 2017Li et al, , 2019Renna et al, 2017). Oxidative stress can strongly regulate and control the pathological status of fish (Martínez-Álvarez, Morales, & Sanz, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dietary black soldier fly ( Hermetia illucens Linnaeus) pulp on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of juvenile mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. specularis)

2020

Aquacult Nutr

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This study was conducted to investigate whether dietary supplementation of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens Linnaeus) pulp (BSFP) affects growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of juvenile mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio var. specularis). A total of 270 juvenile mirror carp (13.68 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments, BSFP0, BSFP25, BSFP50, BSFP75 and BSFP100, in which BSFP was included in the basal diet at 0, 43.7, 87.3, 131 and 174.7 g/kg, respectively. Then, fish were fed to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. Fish growth performance and nutrient utilization were not different among the five groups (p > .05). Increasing BSFP dietary content significantly decreased whole‐body lipid content but increased kidney index (p < .05). The general relative intestine length was significantly higher in the BSFP100 group than the BSFP0 group (p < .05). Increasing BSFP dietary content significantly increased serum catalase activity and decreased malonaldehyde content (p < .05). The intestinal villus height, villus area and muscle layer thickness were significantly lower in the BSFP100 group than the BSFP0 group (p < .05). No significant differences in the activity of intestinal trypsin, lipase and amylase were observed among all groups (p > .05). In conclusion, this study indicated that BSFP at the level below 131 g/kg could be added in diet of juvenile mirror carp without any negative effect on growth performance and intestinal health. Dietary BSFP inclusion at low levels decreased the whole‐body lipid content and increased the antioxidant activity of juvenile mirror carp.

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Black soldier fly larvae meal can replace fish meal in diets of sea-water phase Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 360 publications

References 51 publications

The Future of Aquatic Protein: Implications for Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets

The Future of Aquatic Protein: Implications for Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets

Differential Response of Digesta- and Mucosa-Associated Intestinal Microbiota to Dietary Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal in Seawater Phase Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Influence of dietary black soldier fly ( Hermetia illucens Linnaeus) pulp on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of juvenile mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. specularis)

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