Bladder-sparing Approach in a Woman with Muscle-invasive Primary Bladder Melanoma

Abstract

Primary bladder melanoma (PBM) is an extremely rare tumor. Herein, we present a 39-year female evaluated for a history of dysuria and hematuria for one month and a solid mass of 23x15 mm detected on the left lateral wall of the bladder. The transurethral resection (TUR) of the tumor revealed muscle-invasive malignant melanoma. Laparoscopic partial cystectomy (LPC) and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (BPLND) were performed since other sites of melanoma were excluded. In this article, the effects of tumor characteristics and minimally invasive treatment options on survival are discussed in a patient with muscle-invasive PBM.

Primary melanoma of the bladder: case report and review of the literature

“…It has been reported that bladder metastasis of malignant melanoma is more common than primary bladder malignant melanoma. Furthermore, renal and bladder metastases have been reported in 45% and 18% of patients dying of melanoma, respectively [ 2 ].…”

“…Furthermore, renal and bladder metastases have been reported in 45% and 18% of patients dying of melanoma, respectively [ 2 ].…”

“…IHC staining is crucial to make an accurate diagnosis of this disease, and immunohistochemical staining such as HMB-45, Melan-A, and S-100 are helpful in diagnosis during the pathological examination. Thus far, some diagnostic criteria for primary melanoma in the bladder have been established as follows [30]: (1) absence of any previous skin lesions, (2) cutaneous malignant melanoma, (3) primary visceral malignant melanoma, (4) recurrence pattern showing consistency with the primary tumor diagnosis, and (5) atypical melanocytes at the tumor margin upon microscopic examination.…”

“…Although the tumor size and depth of invasion might determine the prognosis in primary disease, the overall survival time is less than 3 years. Because of the risk of recurrence in the bladder or systemic metastasis after local treatment in patients with primary bladder melanoma, RC is recommended in some cases [ 2 ]. However, some studies reported that RC did not achieve the expected positive effect on survival [ 3 ].…”

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Urethra: A Rare Finding

“…PBM represents 0.2% of all melanomas and typically is diagnosed at a median age of 61 years [2]. There is currently no standardized management protocol specifically for PBM; therefore, previous cases have referred to treatment protocols for cutaneous disease, with limited success in reducing mortality [3]. A review of the literature demonstrates that the majority of patients had metastasis at initial diagnosis, a high likelihood of recurrence post-treatment, and poor prognosis once the tumor had invaded the muscle layer.…”