Blast Resistance of 240 mm Building Wall Coated with Polyurea Elastomer

Long, Jing; Wang, Ping; Cai, Youer; Shang, Wenli; Zu, Xudong

doi:10.3390/ma15030850

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Square sandwich panels made of facesheets, aluminum foam cores, and cushion frames were prepared for the impact tests, as shown in Figure 1a. The facesheets were made of a 6061-T6 aluminum alloy panel (density 2.785 g/cm 3 ) with a thickness of 2 mm and an edge length of 150 mm. The tensile stress versus strain curve of the 6061-T6 sheet (2 mm) was measured at a strain rate of 0.001 s −1 , as shown in Figure 2a, displaying a yield stress of 324 MPa and Young's modulus of 72 GPa, respectively.…”

Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The core layer was made of aluminum foam with a thickness of 15 mm and a square edge length of 100 mm. The aluminum foam exhibited an average cell size of 3.2 mm and its average density was 0.369 g/cm 3 . The crushing stress-strain curve was obtained from our previous test [42], in which the plateau stress was 4.5 MPa and the densification strain was 0.7, as displayed in Figure 2b.…”

Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computational Analysis of Sandwich Panels with Graded Foam Cores Subjected to Combined Blast and Fragment Impact Loading

Zhang

et al. 2023

Materials

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This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sandwich panels with graded foam cores of layered densities against combined blast and fragment impact loading, and to ascertain the optimal gradient of core configuration that would maximize the performance of sandwich panels against combined loading. First, based on a recently developed composite projectile, impact tests of the sandwich panels against simulated combined loading were conducted to provide a benchmark for the computational model. Second, a computational model, based on three-dimensional finite element simulation, was constructed and verified by means of a comparison of the numerically calculated and experimentally measured peak deflections of the back facesheet and the residual velocity of the penetrated fragment. Third, the structural response and energy absorption characteristics were examined, based on numerical simulations. Finally, the optimal gradient of core configuration was explored and numerically examined. The results indicated that the sandwich panel responded in a combined manner involving global deflection, local perforation and perforation hole enlargement. As the impact velocity increased, both the peak deflection of the back facesheet and the residual velocity of the penetrated fragment increased. The front facesheet was found to be the most important sandwich component in consuming the kinetic energy of the combined loading. Thus, the compaction of the foam core would be facilitated by placing the low-density foam at the front side. This would further provide a larger deflecting space for the front facesheet, thus reducing the deflection of the back facesheet. The gradient of core configuration was found to have limited influence on the anti-perforation ability of the sandwich panel. Parametric study indicated that the optimal gradient of foam core configuration was not sensitive to time delay between blast loading and fragment impact loading, but was sensitive to the asymmetrical facesheet of the sandwich panel.

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Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Analysis of Sandwich Panels with Graded Foam Cores Subjected to Combined Blast and Fragment Impact Loading

Zhang

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Once subjected to the blast load, the effects are extremely serious. Most casualties in civil engineering structures during external explosions are caused by structural disintegration and debris resulting from the explosion [39,73,[108][109][110][111][112][113]. Polyurea is highly applicable in structural reinforcement due to its special mechanical properties.…”

Section: Protection Of Civil Engineering Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurea for Blast and Impact Protection: A Review

et al. 2022

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Polyurea has attracted extensive attention from researchers and engineers in the field of blast and impact protection due to its excellent quasi-static mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. Its mechanical properties and energy absorption capacity have been tuned by means of formulation optimization, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and the addition of reinforcing materials. Owing to the special molecular structure of polyurea, the mechanism of polyurea protection against blasts and impacts is the simultaneous effect of multiple properties. For different substrates and structures, polyurea needs to provide different performance characteristics, including adhesion, hardness, breaking elongation, etc., depending on the characteristics of the load to which it is subjected. The current article reviews relevant publications in the field of polyurea blast and impact protection, including material optimization, protection mechanisms and applications in blast and impact protection.

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“…Polyurea elastomer is a promising protective coating against the mitigation of blast and ballistic impact [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], owing to its light weight, high elongation and strength, excellent viscoelasticity and impact resistance. Moreover, it exhibits very good adhesion and can be employed to improve the dynamic performance of a variety of substrates—metallic plates [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], concrete [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ] and other composite structures [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In order to further improve the mechanical properties of polyurea, the addition of various substances into polyurea to prepare composites has been demonstrated to be an effective approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fiber Volume Fraction and Length on the Mechanical Properties of Milled Glass Fiber/Polyurea Composites

Qiao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Composites of polyurea (PU) reinforced with milled glass fiber (MGf) were fabricated. The volume fraction and length of the milled glass fiber were varied to study their effects on the morphological and mechanical properties of the MGf/PU composites. The morphological attributes were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The SEM investigations revealed a uniform distribution and arbitrary orientation of milled glass fiber in the polyurea matrix. Moreover, it seems that the composites with longer fiber exhibit better interfacial bonding. It was found from the FTIR studies that the incorporation of milled glass fiber into polyurea leads to more phase mixing and decreases the hydrogen bonding of the polyurea matrix, while having a negligible effect on the H-bond strength. The compression tests at different strain rates (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2000 and 3000 s−1) and dynamic mechanical properties over the temperature range from −30 to 100 °C at 1 Hz were performed. Experimental results show that the compressive behavior of MGf/PU composites is nonlinear and strain-rate-dependent. Both elastic modulus and flow stress at any given strain increased with strain rate. The composites with higher fiber volume fraction and longer fiber length are more sensitive to strain rate. Furthermore, the elastic modulus, stress at 65% strain and energy absorption capability were studied, taking into account both the effect of fiber volume fraction and mean fiber length. It is noted that an increase in fiber volume fraction and fiber length leads to an increase in elastic modulus, stress at 65% strain and absorbed energy up to ~103%, 83.0% and 137.5%, respectively. The storage and loss moduli of the composites also increase with fiber volume fraction and fiber length. It can be concluded that the addition of milled glass fiber into polyurea not only improves the stiffness of the composites but also increases their energy dissipative capability.

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Blast Resistance of 240 mm Building Wall Coated with Polyurea Elastomer

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Computational Analysis of Sandwich Panels with Graded Foam Cores Subjected to Combined Blast and Fragment Impact Loading

Computational Analysis of Sandwich Panels with Graded Foam Cores Subjected to Combined Blast and Fragment Impact Loading

Polyurea for Blast and Impact Protection: A Review

Effects of Fiber Volume Fraction and Length on the Mechanical Properties of Milled Glass Fiber/Polyurea Composites

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