Blastocystis infection and subtype distribution in humans, cattle, goats, and pigs in central and western Thailand

Udonsom, Ruenruetai; Prasertbun, Rapeepan; Mahittikorn, Aongart; Mori, Hirotake; Changbunjong, Tanasak; Komalamisra, Chalit; Pintong, Ai rada; Sukthana, Yaowalark; Popruk, Supaluk

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2018.07.007

Cited by 83 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, Blastocystis sp. occurred less frequently in animals in our sample-set (10%) compared to other studies where prevalence ranged from 18–76% (Roberts et al, 2013 ; Udonsom et al, 2018 ; Valença-Barbosa et al, 2019 ). This difference could be explained by the fact that a large proportion of our animal samples were from cats and dogs, in which Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…This difference could be explained by the fact that a large proportion of our animal samples were from cats and dogs, in which Blastocystis sp. is generally a much less common finding (about 3%) than it is in livestock (ranging between 12 and 76 %) (Wang et al, 2013 ; Paulos et al, 2018 ; Udonsom et al, 2018 ; Greige et al, 2019 ). Unfortunately, due to limited communication in most volunteers, we were not able to monitor Blastocystis -positive individuals for a longer period to determine, for example, the length of Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on the Prevalence and Subtype Diversity of the Intestinal Protist Blastocystis sp. in a Gut-Healthy Human Population in the Czech Republic

Lhotská

Jirků

Hložková

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Blastocystis sp. is a common intestinal protist colonizing the human intestine the prevalence of which varies across non-industrialized and industrialized countries. Its role in the human gut ecosystem remains unclear due to persisting gaps in knowledge of epidemiology and factors affecting gut colonization. Here, we aimed to expand the knowledge of the epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. in the gut-healthy humans in one of the industrialized European countries, including the distribution of its subtypes, the correlation between its occurrence and several factors such as lifestyle, contact with animals, age, and sex. A total of 288 stool samples were obtained from asymptomatic individuals over the entire age-range and 136 samples from animals with which the volunteers were in frequent contact. All samples were examined in parallel by PCR and xenic in vitro culture. Blastocystis sp. was detected in samples from both human and non-human hosts. In humans, the overall prevalence was 24% and eight subtypes were found; in animals, the prevalence was 10%, and only five subtypes were detected. A higher incidence of Blastocystis sp. was observed in individuals (i) traveling outside Europe, (ii) in frequent contact with livestock, and (iii) over 50 years of age. We found no effect on gender on Blastocystis sp. colonization. Summary This study provides data on the prevalence and diversity of the gut protist Blastocystis sp. and its subtypes in a gut-healthy human population with emphasis on several factors such as contact with animals, lifestyle, age, and gender.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Prevalence and Subtype Diversity of the Intestinal Protist Blastocystis sp. in a Gut-Healthy Human Population in the Czech Republic

Lhotská

Jirků

Hložková

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…A total of 254 single dairy cattle samples collected from 37 villages and 55 farms located in two governorates of North Lebanon were screened in this study (Table 1) (Masuda et al, 2018), Thailand (50.0%) (Udonsom et al, 2018), Colombia (80.0%) (Ramirez et al, 2014) and Libya (41.7%) (Alfellani et al, 2013a) but was significantly higher than that reported in Korea (6.7%) (Lee et al, 2018), China (9.5% and 10.3%) (Zhu et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018, respectively), Iran (9.6%) (Badparva et al, 2015), the United Kingdom (22.6%) (Alfellani et al, 2013a) and the United States (19.1% and 2.9%) (Fayer et al, 2012;Maloney et al, 2019, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. in dairy cattle in Lebanon and assessment of zoonotic transmission

et al. 2019

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Blastocystis sp. is frequently identified in a wide range of animal hosts, including bovids. Because of its burden and zoonotic potential, this parasite has been sought in domestic cattle from various countries, since this livestock may also represent a possible reservoir of human infection. However, epidemiological data regarding the prevalence and ST distribution of Blastocystis sp. in this animal group is lacking in Lebanon. Therefore, faecal samples were collected from a total of 254 dairy cattle raised on 55 farms located in the North Lebanon region and screened for the presence of the parasite by quantitative realtime PCR. The overall prevalence of Blastocystis sp. was shown to reach 63.4% in cattle livestock. Sequence analysis of positive samples indicated the presence of seven STs, with predominance of ST10 (44.0%) and ST14 (36.8%) and lower proportions of ST2 (8.0%), ST1 (7.2%), ST5 (2.4%), ST3 and ST7 (0.8% each). This survey was the first conducted worldwide reporting ST2 and ST7 in domestic cattle and confirmed that ST10 and ST14 represent cattle-adapted STs in view of their high prevalence. Faecal samples from in-contact dairy farmers and patients hospitalised in the same Lebanese governorate who reported no contact with cattle livestock were also analysed for the presence of Blastocystis sp. The same three STs were identified in both human cohorts, with predominance of ST3, followed either by ST1 or ST2 depending of the group. No other STs, including ST10 or ST14, have been reported. Moreover, even though ST1, ST2 and ST3 were found to be common to dairy cattle and farmers cohorts, only one ST3 isolate showed 100% sequence identity between both hosts. Consequently, the presence and low prevalence of ST1, ST2, ST3, ST5 and ST7 identified herein in domestic cattle, most of which exhibit low host specificity, could be derived from occasional direct exposure to faecal material from human and non-human hosts or by ingestion of contaminated drinking water or food in the enclosure of the farms. 3 Together with the absence of ST10 and ST14 in the human population, these data suggest that cattle play a negligible role as zoonotic reservoirs of Blastocystis sp.

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“…Herein, we sampled and detected gut protists before presentation of symptoms, though the possibility that some of the animals might have had symptoms before they were brought into the parks cannot be excluded. Asymptomatic carriage of a single or multiple protists in animals is not uncommon and the concern of zoonotic transmission has often been articulated (Fayer et al, 2012;Cian et al, 2017;Desoubeaux et al, 2018;Udonsom et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018a;Enriquez et al, 2019). In case of zoonosis, detecting the reservoir is difficult as there is no reason to check the original host for presence of pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Micro-Eukaryotic Diversity in the Gut: Co-occurrence of Blastocystis Subtypes and Other Protists in Zoo Animals

2020

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Blastocystis is a genetically diverse microbial eukaryote thriving in the gut of humans and other animals. While Blastocystis has been linked with gastrointestinal disorders, its pathogenicity remains controversial. Previous reports have suggested that one out of six humans could be carrying Blastocystis in their gut, while the numbers could be even higher in animals. Most studies on Blastocystis are either exclusively targeting the organism itself and/or the associated prokaryotic microbiome, while cooccurrence of other microbial eukaryotes has been mainly ignored. Herein, we aimed to explore presence and genetic diversity of Blastocystis along with the commonly occurring eukaryotes Cryptosporidium, Eimeria, Entamoeba and Giardia in the gut of asymptomatic animals from two conservation parks in the United Kingdom. Building upon a previous study, a total of 231 fecal samples were collected from 38 vertebrates, which included 12 carnivorous and 26 non-carnivorous species. None of the animals examined herein showed gastrointestinal symptoms. The barcoding region of the small subunit ribosomal RNA was used for subtyping of Blastocystis. Overall, 47% of animal species were positive for Blastocystis. Twenty six percent of samples carried more than one subtypes, including the newly identified hosts Scottish wildcat, bongo and lynx. Fifty three percent of samples carried at least another microbial eukaryote. Herewith, we discuss potential implications of these findings and the increasingly blurred definition of microbial parasites.

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Blastocystis infection and subtype distribution in humans, cattle, goats, and pigs in central and western Thailand

Cited by 83 publications

References 36 publications

A Study on the Prevalence and Subtype Diversity of the Intestinal Protist Blastocystis sp. in a Gut-Healthy Human Population in the Czech Republic

A Study on the Prevalence and Subtype Diversity of the Intestinal Protist Blastocystis sp. in a Gut-Healthy Human Population in the Czech Republic

First report on the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. in dairy cattle in Lebanon and assessment of zoonotic transmission

Exploring Micro-Eukaryotic Diversity in the Gut: Co-occurrence of Blastocystis Subtypes and Other Protists in Zoo Animals

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