Bleaching of Wool with Hydrogen Peroxide and a Silicate Stabiliser

2000

Synthetic alkali silicates containing alkali metal oxides are manufactured as liquids or glasses that readily dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions. These silicates contain a complex mixture of polymeric species that vary as a function of alkali‐to‐silica ratio of the material, solution concentration, impurities content, and pH. The polymer chemistry of silicates influences the properties and function of these materials in a variety of applications, spanning much of the chemical process industry. Uses are in detergency, water treatment, mineral beneficiation, bleach stabilization, enhanced oil recovery, and as a raw material for the syntheses of silica sols, gels and precipitates, zeolites, clays, and other siliceous materials. The speciation and structure of silicates, studied using a broad variety of analytical methods, are discussed. Properties of the synthetic alkali silicates that determine their function in a variety of commercial applications are presented. Economic, manufacturing, regulatory, and environmental aspects of silicate production and usage are reviewed.

Silicon Compounds, Synthetic Inorganic Silicates

2000

Silicon Compounds: Anthropogenic Silicas and Silicates

2005

Synthetic akali silicates, M 2 O· m SiO 2 · n H 2 O, where M = Li, Na, and K, are manufactured as liquids or glasses that readily dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions. These silicates contain a complex mixture of polymeric species that vary as a function of modulus, m , of the material, solution concentration, impurities content, and pH value. The polymer chemistry of silicates influences the properties and function of these materials in a variety of applications including detergency, water treatment, mineral beneficiation, bleach stabilization, and as a raw material for the syntheses of silica sols, gels and precipites, zeolites, clays, and other siliceous materials. The speciation and structure of silicates have been studied using a broad variety of analytical methods including Fourier transform infrared, ft–nmr, laser Raman, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic techniques. The current article discusses the properties of the synthetic alkali silicates that determine their function in a variety of commercial applications. Economic, manufacturing, regulatory and environmental aspects of silicate production and usage are reviewed.

Silicon Compounds: Anthropogenic Silicas and Silicates

2015

Synthetic alkali silicates, M 2 O· m SiO 2 · n H 2 O, where M = Li, Na, and K, are manufactured as liquids or glasses that readily dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions. These silicates contain a complex mixture of polymeric species with different properties and applications including detergency, soil stabilization, water and waste treatment, and as a raw material for the syntheses of silica sols, gels and precipitates, zeolites, and clays. The article discusses the properties of the synthetic alkali silicates that determine their function in a variety of commercial applications. Economic, manufacturing, regulatory, and environmental aspects of silicate production and usage are reviewed.