1983
DOI: 10.3171/jns.1983.58.3.0331
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Bleeding from cerebral arteriovenous malformations as part of their natural history

Abstract: The case records of 191 patients with a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) were reviewed to determine bleeding characteristics of these lesions. Possible influences of age, sex, the location and size of the AVM, type of initial hemorrhage, and condition of the patients were analyzed. Of these 191 patients, 102 had a single hemorrhage, 32 had a recurrent hemorrhage, and 57 never bled. The follow-up period for patients with an unruptured AVM was a mean of 4.8 years and a maximum of 31 years; for those wit… Show more

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Cited by 727 publications
(311 citation statements)
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“…Ondra et al 7 published the results of almost 24 years of follow-up in a cohort of bAVM patients in Finland, and established an annual risk of bAVM hemorrhage of 4% per year, regardless of bAVM characteristics and clinical presentation. Graf, 5 Crawford, 3 and Fults 4 showed that bAVMs may have different behavior during follow-up, with an increased risk of bleeding in the first year after diagnosis. In a more recent series, Mast et al 23 demonstrated that the risk of hemorrhage in follow-up can be widely variable, from 2.2% to 17.8% per year, depending on presentation, AVM venous drainage, and sex.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Ondra et al 7 published the results of almost 24 years of follow-up in a cohort of bAVM patients in Finland, and established an annual risk of bAVM hemorrhage of 4% per year, regardless of bAVM characteristics and clinical presentation. Graf, 5 Crawford, 3 and Fults 4 showed that bAVMs may have different behavior during follow-up, with an increased risk of bleeding in the first year after diagnosis. In a more recent series, Mast et al 23 demonstrated that the risk of hemorrhage in follow-up can be widely variable, from 2.2% to 17.8% per year, depending on presentation, AVM venous drainage, and sex.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Management of these lesions is complicated by the fact that bAVMs form a very heterogeneous group of lesions. The variable arteriovenous malformation (AVM) locations, morphologies, and angioarchitectural characteristics may impart a different risk of hemorrhage for each patient, 8 -15 requiring individualized treatment decisions.…”
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confidence: 99%
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“…3 Including our case, AVMs' size was detailed in two cases, both presenting a diameter less than 2 centimeters. 4 15,16 It is probable that small AVMs located at the cerebral convexity in relation with large subarachnoid spaces or in proximity to the ventricular system might be more susceptible to develop SS. Superficial siderosis is a progressive disease for which no effective medical treatment is currently available.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The risk of hemorrhage varies from 2 to 4% per year, and may reach 18% after a first bleeding episode [1][2][3][4] . Hemorrhage is usually associated with 10 to 15% morbidity in cAVM, and this rate increases after each recurrence [4][5][6] . The mortality rate in patients with untreated cAVM has been estimated at 1% per year 7 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%