Bleiverunreinigung von trinkwasser durch leitungssysteme in Berlin

Zietz, Björn P.; Paufler, P.; Keßler-Gaedtke, Barbara; Dunkelberg, H

doi:10.1007/bf03038074

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Fittings are known to frequently leach lead into the water (Zietz et al 2001b). The amount of 1000 ml of water was chosen because a detailed water sampling recommendation for domestic installations issued by the German federal environmental agency also includes this volume (Umweltbundesamt Table III.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and management of tap water lead contamination in Lower Saxony, Germany

Zietz¹,

Lass²,

Suchenwirth³

2007

International Journal of Environmental Health Research

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Lead is known to have numerous adverse effects especially to infants and children. The intake of lead through drinking water is commonly due to metal corrosion in the peripheral water distribution system, especially the user's plumbing. The aim of this project was to assess the present state of drinking water contamination with lead in Lower Saxony and to promote replacement of lead pipes. For this purpose a project was initiated comprising three parts. First, a free examination of drinking water was offered in cooperation with local public health departments for private households with young women and families with children living in buildings constructed before 1974. Participants were asked to collect a cold tap water sample in their household after nocturnal stagnation and to complete a questionnaire. The collected samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry for their lead concentration. Second, data from local public health departments on results of lead measurements, especially in buildings for the public, were collected and analysed. Finally a working group 'lead replacement' was initiated. In the project in total 2436 tap water samples from households were collected. Of these, 6.49% had lead concentrations exceeding 10 microg/l (recommended limit of the World Health Organization) and 2.79% had concentrations above the limit of the German drinking water ordinance (25 microg/l). There were remarkable regional differences in the frequency of tap water contamination. Multi-family houses were more frequently affected than single- and double-family houses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and management of tap water lead contamination in Lower Saxony, Germany

Zietz¹,

Lass²,

Suchenwirth³

2007

International Journal of Environmental Health Research

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“…Umsetzung und Wirksamkeit von Empfehlungen zur Verringerung der Bleiaufnahme über Trinkwasser wurden in einer Interventionsstudie geprüft.113 Nichtraucherinnen im Alter von 20 bis 30 Jahren aus Hamburger Haushalten mit Überschreitungen des künf-tigen Trinkwassergrenzwerts für Blei (10 µg/l) wurden zufällig zwei Interventionsgruppen mit unterschiedlichen Präven-tionsstrategien zugeordnet und um Teilnahme gebeten.52 Frauen beteiligten sich an der Studie.Die Gruppe "Mindern" (n=19) erhielt ein Faltblatt "Blei im Trinkwasser" des öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes und sollte Trinkwasser vor dem Konsum als Lebensmittel immer ablaufen lassen.Die Gruppe "Meiden" (n=33) sollte den Austausch von Trinkwasserleitungen aus Blei durch die Verwendung von handelsüblichem stillem Wasser simulieren.Der Blutbleiwert wurde vor und nach dem Interventionszeitraum bestimmt.Während des Interventionszeitraums von elf Wochen wurden die Verhaltensanweisungen überwiegend befolgt (Gruppe "Mindern" zu 76%, Gruppe "Meiden" zu 90%).Die tägliche und langfristige Umsetzbarkeit der Präventionsstrategie "Mindern" wurde jedoch von den Teilnehmerinnen als schwierig eingeschätzt.Die beiden Gruppen unterschieden sich vor der Intervention hinsichtlich des Bleigehaltes in Trinkwasser und Blut nicht.Bei etwa 90% des Gesamtenkollektivs sank der Blutbleigehalt nach elf Wochen (mittlere Abnahme 11 µg/l, t-Test für abhängige Stichproben, p≤0,001).In der Gruppe "Mindern" erniedrigte sich der Blutbleispiegel um durchschnittlich 8,2 µg/l, in der Gruppe "Meiden" Bleileitungen sind in der öffentlichen Wasserversorgung, in Hausanschlussleitungen und in Hausinstallationen in Hamburg und einigen weiteren Gebieten Deutschlands noch verbreitet [1,2]. Eine Zufuhr von Blei ist insbesondere wegen der neurotoxischen Wirkungen im Niedrigdosisbereich bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern gesundheitlich unerwünscht [3,4] …”

Section: Zusammenfassungunclassified

Bleibelastung durch Trinkwasser Teil II: Effekt verschiedener Präventionsstrategien

Lommel

Dengler

Janßen

et al. 2002

Bundesgesundheitsbl - Gesundheitsforsch - Gesundheitsschutz

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“…In particular in the Roman realm it was used in large quantities for the building of water supply systems and pressure pipes (Warren 2000). In Germany and other countries the heavy metal lead was used for water pipes until the beginning of the 1970s in a locally different extent (Zietz et al 2001b(Zietz et al , 2009). In 1973 a new technical standard for plumbing was issued excluding lead as a material for drinking water pipes in Germany.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence it can be supposed that since the year 1974 no new lead plumbing has been installed (Arts and Bretschneider 1984). On the other hand many old lead pipes still exist and lead pipes were frequently replaced only in parts (Zietz et al 2001b(Zietz et al , 2009. This leads to installations composed of different pipe metals (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of Metals from Different Sections of Domestic Drinking Water Installations

Zietz

Richter

Lass

et al. 2014

Water Qual Expo Health

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Different metals can leach from piping materials into the tap water, which can be of health concern. This study investigated in which amount abundant metals were released from different parts of domestic installations into the cold tap water. For the approximate spatial allocation of the metal releasing sources, a sequential water sampling protocol was used after three hours of stagnation time representing the first five litre of the water column. After stagnation ten sample volumes were collected in series. Existing facilities of domestic installations constructed with different plumbing materials were examined predominantly from residential buildings. The elements Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, U and Zn were detected by means of ICP-MS. In total 16 water pipe strands of 11 domestic installation systems were examined. They comprised 401 single water samples and 5,614 single parameters. Depending upon the type of plumbing, different courses and concentration ranges of the elements could be measured in the tap water samples. Terminal taps or installation parts were in all investigated systems responsible for a release of nickel and in several cases of low concentrations of cadmium. The concentration courses of the element zinc proved as a good indicator for the allocation of the metal source to a brass containing section of the installation (zinc as an alloy component of brass). One can conclude that sequential water sampling protocol in combination with multi-element detection can be a valuable non-destructive method for drinking water-hygienic investigations of domestic installations.

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Bleiverunreinigung von trinkwasser durch leitungssysteme in Berlin

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Assessment and management of tap water lead contamination in Lower Saxony, Germany

Assessment and management of tap water lead contamination in Lower Saxony, Germany

Bleibelastung durch Trinkwasser Teil II: Effekt verschiedener Präventionsstrategien

Release of Metals from Different Sections of Domestic Drinking Water Installations

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