The current study compares two methods of producing nanofiber
filters
using a well-known biodegradable polymer, e.g., polylactic acid (PLA):
centrifugal spinning and electrospinning. Both centrifugal spinning
and electrospinning techniques successfully yielded submicron fibers
capable of filtering close to 99% of 0.3 μm NaCl particles;
however, current investigation revealed that the centrifugal spun
PLA filters yielded a wider distribution of diameters within a mat,
which proved beneficial in achieving a significantly lower pressure
drop of 200 Pa or less. The quality factor of CS samples is consistently
higher than ES samples at comparable aerial mass or mean fiber diameter.
What sets CS PLA filters further apart is their remarkable reusability;
filter performance through 10 cycles of either isopropyl alcohol spraying
or ethanol dipping yielded retention of filtration efficiency ≥95%
while maintaining pressure drop in 270 Pa or lower, comfortably conforming
to NIOSH N95 standard after treatment. This is in contrast to ES samples
which yielded a pressure drop above 343 Pa after 10 cycles of spraying
or dipping. The quality factor, filtration efficiency, and pressure
drop of CS PLA are collectively comparable or better than most existing
nanofiber-based filters while being comparable to meltblown N95 with
an added benefit of reusability. By mitigating the challenges associated
with single-use filters, such as waste management concerns, these
filters can pave the way for a sustainable future in the field of
PPE.