Blind Audio Watermarking in Transform Domain Based on Singular Value Decomposition and Exponential-Log Operations

Dhar, Pranab Kumar; Shimamura, Tetsuya

doi:10.13164/re.2017.0552

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Vivekananda [33] utilized DWT and SVD to propose an adaptive audio watermarking by applying a quantization index modulation (QIM) process on the SVD values in the DWT domain. Bhat [34] presented a SVD-DWT blind watermarking algorithm to embed watermark into the audio signals in which the quantization steps were determined by the statistical properties of the involved DWT coefficients. Lei [35] attempted to embed the watermark into the high frequency-band of the SVD-DCT block.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

2018

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This algorithm embeds a binary image into an audio signal as a marker to prove the ownership of this audio signal. With large payload capacity and strong robustness against common signal processing attacks, it can be used for copyright protection, broadcast monitoring, fingerprinting, data authentication, and medical safety.Abstract: In order to improve the robustness and imperceptibility in practical application, a novel audio watermarking algorithm with strong robustness is proposed by exploring the multi-resolution characteristic of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the energy compaction capability of discrete cosine transform (DCT). The human auditory system is insensitive to the minor changes in the frequency components of the audio signal, so the watermarks can be embedded by slightly modifying the frequency components of the audio signal. The audio fragments segmented from the cover audio signal are decomposed by DWT to obtain several groups of wavelet coefficients with different frequency bands, and then the fourth level detail coefficient is selected to be divided into the former packet and the latter packet, which are executed for DCT to get two sets of transform domain coefficients (TDC) respectively. Finally, the average amplitudes of the two sets of TDC are modified to embed the binary image watermark according to the special embedding rule. The watermark extraction is blind without the carrier audio signal. Experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm has good imperceptibility, large payload capacity and strong robustness when resisting against various attacks such as MP3 compression, low-pass filtering, re-sampling, re-quantization, amplitude scaling, echo addition and noise corruption.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

2018

Applied Sciences

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“…However, this scheme shows less robustness against some of the common attacks. Dhar et al [7] proposed a DCT-based algorithm using singular value decomposition (SVD) and exponential-log operations (ELO) where the watermark is embedded to the highest power of DCT coefficients, but robustness results against some common attacks were not reported. Karnjana et al [8] introduced a method based on singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and psychoacoustic model (PM), but it shows quite low robustness against some common attacks.…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simulation results demonstrated that our proposed method is highly robust against numerous attacks. The BER of the proposed method varies from 0 to 6.54, whereas the BER of the recent methods [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] vary from 0 to 17.76. The PSNR of the proposed method varies from 43.81 to 47.75, whereas PSNR of the recent methods vary from 19.39 to 44.81.…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective assessment is generally measured by the SNR of the watermarked audio. According to the standard of Industrial Federation of the Phonographic Society (IFPI), the ideal SNR of watermarked audio should be more than 20 dB for satisfying the imperceptibility property [7]. The SNR of the proposed method for various audio is given in Table 2.…”

Section: Objective Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, objective assessment was also conducted using object difference grade (ODG), which is one of the output obtained from the perceptual evaluation of audio quality (PEAQ) measurement based on ITU-R BS.1387 (International Telecommunication Union-Radio-communication Sector) standard [7]. The ODG score lies between 0 to −4 (imperceptible to very annoying) given in Table 1.…”

Section: Objective Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Blind Audio Watermarking Based on Parametric Slant-Hadamard Transform and Hessenberg Decomposition

2020

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Digital watermarking has been widely utilized for ownership protection of multimedia contents. This paper introduces a blind symmetric audio watermarking algorithm based on parametric Slant-Hadamard transform (PSHT) and Hessenberg decomposition (HD). In our proposed algorithm, at first watermark image is preprocessed to enhance the security. Then, host signal is divided into non-overlapping frames and the samples of each frame are reshaped into a square matrix. Next, PSHT is performed on each square matrix individually and a part of this transformed matrix of size m×m is selected and HD is applied to it. Euclidean normalization is calculated from the 1st column of the Hessenberg matrix, which is further used for embedding and extracting the watermark. Simulation results ensure the imperceptibility of the proposed method for watermarked audios. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is highly robust against numerous attacks. Furthermore, comparative analysis substantiates its superiority among other state-of-the-art methods.

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Watermarking Based on Krawtchouk Moments for Handwritten Document Images

Avila-Domenech

Soria-Lorente

2018

Progress in Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition

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Blind Audio Watermarking in Transform Domain Based on Singular Value Decomposition and Exponential-Log Operations

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

Blind Audio Watermarking Based on Parametric Slant-Hadamard Transform and Hessenberg Decomposition

Watermarking Based on Krawtchouk Moments for Handwritten Document Images

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