Blinded comparison of cefuroxime to cefaclor for lower respiratory tract infections

Schleupner, Charles J.; Anthony, William C.; Tan, James S.; File, T. M.; Lifland, Patti; Craig, W. S.; Vogelman, Bennett

doi:10.1001/archinte.148.2.343

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Depending on the cephalosporin, each will have additional unique or advantageous properties. For example, cefoxitin has excellent activity against anaerobes including the B. fragilis group, 90 , 91 as does cefotetan, but with a longer serum half‐life and slightly improved gram‐negative spectrum than cefoxitin 92 , 93 ; cefonicid's extended serum half‐life permits once or twice daily dosage regimens 94 ; and cefuroxime is highly resistant to beta‐lactamase, enters the cerebrospinal fluid well, and is also available in an oral form 95 , 96 …”

Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cefuroxime would be a good choice for empiric treatment of community‐acquired pneumonia in elderly patients in whom a specific etiology cannot be determined. Parenteral therapy could then be easily followed by oral cefuroxime axetil to complete the course of treatment 96 . Cefoxitin would be indicated for infections caused by mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, e.g., aspiration pneumonia, community‐acquired intraabdominal sepsis, and soft tissue infections including diabetic foot infections 129–132 .…”

Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

Yoshikawa¹

1990

J American Geriatrics Society

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Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

Yoshikawa¹

1990

J American Geriatrics Society

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Cefaclor

Wilson

1993

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Cefuroxime axetil

Dellamonica

1994

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Cefuroxime is the first commercially-available second-generation cephalosporine to be widely used in therapy; it is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin obtained from the 7-cephalosporanic acid nucleus of cephalosporin C. Cefuroxime axetil is the acetoxyethyl ester of cefuroxime. The majority of micro-organisms associated with respiratory infections are highly sensitive to cefuroxime. These include Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and the other streptococci (excluding group D streptococci), and Moraxella catarrhalis. Bacteria sensitive to cefuroxime include the enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella and Shigella and Straphylococcus aureus (methicillin-sensitive strains). The pharmacokinetic studies show that the maximum plasma concentration of cefuroxime after oral administration of 250 mg and 500 mg of cefuroxime axetil after a meal are respectively 4.6 and 7.9 mg/l. The absolute bioavailability of tablets is 68% (extremes 63-73%) after oral administration of 500 mg cefuroxime axetil. The protein binding is 33+/-5.7%. Tissue diffusion was studied in the interstitial fluid, the bronchial mucosa, the tonsils, and the bronchial secretions. Cefuroxime axetil is available as capsule-shaped tablets containing 125, 250 or 500 mg. An oral suspension dosage form for paediatric purposes is also available as granules in multidose bottles and sachets. Constitution gives a suspension containing 125 mg or 250 mg cefuroxime (as cefuroxime axetil). Cefuroxime axetil is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Indications include: lower respiratory tract infections (e.g., acute and chronic bronchitis and pneumonia); upper respiratory tract infections (e.g., ear, nose and throat infections such as otitis media, sinusitis tonsillitis and pharyngitis); genito-urinary tract infections (e.g., pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis, gonorrhoea, acute uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis); and skin and soft tissue infections (e.g., furunculosis, pyoderma and impetigo). For most infections, a dose of 250 mg twice daily is appropriate. In some urinary tract infections, 125 mg twice daily has been shown to be effective. If pneumonia is suspected or in more severe lower respiratory tract infection, doses of 500 mg bd should be used. Uncomplicated gonorrhoea has been shown to respond to a single 1-g dose of cefuroxime axetil. Adverse reactions to cefuroxime have generally been mild and transient in nature (gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting).

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Blinded comparison of cefuroxime to cefaclor for lower respiratory tract infections

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

Cefaclor

Cefuroxime axetil

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