Blinking and Driving: the Influence of Saccades and Cognitive Workload

Cardona, Genı́s; Quevedo, Noa

doi:10.3109/02713683.2013.841256

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…On the other hand, we could consider that eye blink could be associated with rate of presentation of new visual information. Some researchers have found this relationship between eye blink and fast changing visual information [ 32 , 33 ]. Cardona and Quevedo used VDT tasks that required subjects to play two different computer games: one fast-paced game and another slow-paced game.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Correlation between Inter-Blink Interval and Episodic Encoding during Movie Watching

et al. 2015

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Human eye blinking is cognitively suppressed to minimize loss of visual information for important real-world events. Despite the relationship between eye blinking and cognitive state, the effect of eye blinks on cognition in real-world environments has received limited research attention. In this study, we focused on the temporal pattern of inter-eye blink interval (IEBI) during movie watching and investigated its relationship with episodic memory. As a control condition, 24 healthy subjects watched a nature documentary that lacked a specific story line while electroencephalography was performed. Immediately after viewing the movie, the subjects were asked to report its most memorable scene. Four weeks later, subjects were asked to score 32 randomly selected scenes from the movie, based on how much they were able to remember and describe. The results showed that the average IEBI was significantly longer during the movie than in the control condition. In addition, the significant increase in IEBI when watching a movie coincided with the most memorable scenes of the movie. The results suggested that the interesting episodic narrative of the movie attracted the subjects’ visual attention relative to the documentary clip that did not have a story line. In the episodic memory test executed four weeks later, memory performance was significantly positively correlated with IEBI (p<0.001). In summary, IEBI may be a reliable bio-marker of the degree of concentration on naturalistic content that requires visual attention, such as a movie.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Correlation between Inter-Blink Interval and Episodic Encoding during Movie Watching

et al. 2015

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“…Saccades are fast movement of the eye. Large screens require more and/or larger saccades to inspect and saccades are often (87.5%) followed by blinks [11]. This same study found a correlation between head movement and large amplitude saccades (more then 10 • ).…”

Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 54%

Stimulating a blink

Crnovrsanin

Wang

2014

Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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Computers make incredible amounts of information available at our fingertips. As computers become integral parts of our lives, we spend more time staring at computer monitor than ever before, sometimes with negative effects. One major concern is the increasing number of people suffering from Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). CVS is caused by extensive use of computers, and its symptoms include eye fatigue, frequent headaches, dry eyes, and blurred vision. It is possible to partially alleviate CVS if we can remind users to blink more often. We present a prototype system that uses a camera to monitor a user's blink rate, and when the user has not blinked in a while, the system triggers a blink stimulus. We investigated four different types of eye-blink stimulus: screen blurring, screen flashing, border flashing, and pop-up notifications. Users also rated each stimulus type in terms of effectiveness, intrusiveness, and satisfaction. Results from our user studies show that our stimuli are effective in increasing user blink rate with screen blurring being the best.

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“…The results must be interpreted cautiously in the presence of plants because a relatively decreased APD and a relatively increased TAS at 55 dBA TNL have captured our attention. Based on the results and analysis of this study, the reason can be ascribed to the following aspects: (1) cognitive overload: cognitive overload leads to the pupil diameters decrement ( Granholm et al, 1996 ); (2) blink rate decrement: the increase of mental workload is associated with the decrease of blink rates which is associated with visual fatigue ( Morris and Gerald, 1972 ; Ledger, 2013 ), and a high TAS is triggered to counteract the reduction in blink rates ( Cardona and Quevedo, 2013 ). Although the study did not show the results of blink rates, it did substantiate the effect of traffic noise on eye movement, and blink rates could be considered in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The effects of indoor plants and traffic noise on English reading comprehension of Chinese university students in home offices

Zhang

Qiu³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, working from home promotes the importance of indoor environment qualities. With the settings and functions of home offices, an experiment was carried out to determine the interaction effects between indoor plants and traffic noise levels (TNLs) on the performance and environmental evaluations of English reading comprehension tasks (ERCTs) and the performance of short-term breaks. A sample of 22 Chinese university students (12 males and 10 females) took part in the experiment. Two visual conditions (with and without plants) and five TNLs (i.e., 35, 45, 50, 55, and 60 dBA TNL) were included. Participants’ accuracy rates, eye movements, mental workload, and feelings about the environment were collected. The mental fatigue recovery (MFR), visual fatigue recovery (VFR), anxiety recovery (AR), and unfriendly recovery (UR) were measured for the analysis of a 5-min short-term break. The results demonstrate (1) plants have significant effects on ERCTs and short-term breaks, especially at 45 and 50 dBA TNL; (2) the effects of TNLs on ERCTs’ eye movements and work environment satisfaction differ by the presence of plants, e.g., the average pupil diameter (APD), lighting and layout satisfaction; (3) The effects of indoor plants on ERCT differ by the range of TNLs. In conclusion, indoor plants are beneficial to home workers engaged in ERCT when TNL does not exceed 50 dBA. The current data highlight the importance of audio-visual interaction in home offices and provide insights into the interaction mechanism between indoor plants and traffic noise.

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Blinking and Driving: the Influence of Saccades and Cognitive Workload

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Correlation between Inter-Blink Interval and Episodic Encoding during Movie Watching

Correlation between Inter-Blink Interval and Episodic Encoding during Movie Watching

Stimulating a blink

The effects of indoor plants and traffic noise on English reading comprehension of Chinese university students in home offices

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