Bloat in cattle

Jones, William T.; Lyttleton, J. W.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1969.10427075

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Estimation of the bloat potential of wheat forage was based on determination of foam strength as described by Jones and Lyttleton (1969) and Okine et al (1989). For this analysis, nine wheat entries with contrasting total phenolic concentrations (high, medium, and low) were selected each year in the 2004-2006 growing seasons.…”

Section: Measurements Of Total Phenolics and Bloat Potential Of Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds Affect Bloat Potential of Wheat Forage

Malinowski¹,

Pinchak²,

Min³

et al. 2015

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the major source of high‐quality winter forage for grazing cattle (Bos taurus L.) in the southern Great Plains of the United States. High concentrations of crude protein and soluble nitrogen fractions in wheat forage are often associated with frothy bloat conditions in cattle. The death loss of stocker cattle grazing wheat due to bloat ranges 2 to 3% in the southern Great Plains each year. The occurrence of frothy bloat in cattle grazing on wheat forage is affected by a number of factors, including complex relationships among wheat plant metabolism, cattle genetics, environmental conditions, and ruminal microbial activity. Traditional approaches to control frothy bloat rely on feed supplements such as surfactants and ionophores, grass hay, and condensed tannins. In a series of experiments conducted at Vernon and Chillicothe, TX, during 2004 to 2006, we determined correlations between total phenolic concentrations in wheat forage and foam strength (an estimate of the bloat potential) in a range of wheat breeding lines and commercial cultivars evaluated by the Wheat Breeding Program of Texas A&M AgriLife Research. Total phenolic concentration was inversely correlated with foam strength in each growing season. Wheat cultivars and experimental breeding lines differed in total phenolic concentration in forage, suggesting a potential for development of cultivars with higher phenolic content in forage as a measure to decrease bloat occurrences in grazing cattle.

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Section: Measurements Of Total Phenolics and Bloat Potential Of Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds Affect Bloat Potential of Wheat Forage

Malinowski¹,

Pinchak²,

Min³

et al. 2015

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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“…Estimation of the bloat potential of wheat forage was based on determination of foam strength [33,34]. Approximately 5 g FW forage samples were homogenized with 60 mL of artificial saliva [35] and filtered through three layers of cheesecloth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar radiation affects bloat potential of wheat forage

Malinowski¹,

Pinchak²,

Pitta

et al. 2018

Acta Agrobot

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Frothy bloat is a serious digestive disorder in cattle (<em>Bos taurus</em> L.) grazing winter wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) pastures in the Southern Great Plains of the USA. Wheat plant metabolism may be one of the factors involved in bloat occurrence. In a series of experiments conducted during 2004–2007, we evaluated the effects of solar radiation intensity (ambient, 100% vs. reduced, 25%), a short-time (24 h vs. 48 h) exposure to solar radiation, and forage allowance (high, 18 kg vs. low, 6 kg DM/100 kg body weight) on seasonal concentration of phenolic compounds and foam strength (a measure of bloat potential) of wheat forage ‘Cutter’. Reduced solar radiation decreased total phenolic concentration and increased foam strength when compared to ambient solar radiation. Forage allowance interacted with solar radiation and short-term exposure treatments in determining phenolic concentrations; however, the effects were inconsistent during and among growing seasons. Concentration of phenolic compounds responded rapidly to sudden changes in weather patterns (passing cold fronts) that were usually associated with significant decrease in solar radiation intensity and temperature. Solar radiation intensity was positively correlated with total phenolic concentration and explained 62% to 72% of the variation in total phenolic concentration. Correlation between temperature and total phenolic concentration varied among growing seasons and explained 9–17% of the variation in total phenolic concentration. Results suggest that phenolic concentration in wheat forage is correlated with solar radiation. The decrease in phenolic concentration and resulting increase of bloat potential are especially pronounced during sudden changes in weather patterns during winter.

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“…Soluble leaf proteins have been implicated as the surfactant materials primarily responsible for the foam production (Mangan 1959). In particular, the ]8S protein component of legume forages has been considered to be the prime factor in generating bloating foams (McArthur, Miltimore, and Pratt ]964; Stifel, Vetter, and Allen ]968), althQugh this idea has been contested (Jones and Lyttleton 1969). Cooper, Eslick, and MacDonald (] 966) found that extracts from leaves of legume forages considered not to induce bloat yielded smaller volumes of foam in vitro than extracts from bloat-inducing forages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%