BlobTree trees

Abstract

In recent years several methods for modeling botanical trees have been proposed. The geometry and topology of tree skeletons can be well described by L-systems; however, there are several approaches to modeling smooth surfaces to represent branches, and not all of the observed phenomena can be represented by current methods. Many tree types exhibit non-smooth features such as branch bark ridges and collars.In this research a hierarchical implicit modeling system is used to produce models of branching structures that capture smooth branching, branch collars and branch bark ridges. The BlobTree provides several techniques to control the combination of primitives, allowing both smooth and non-smooth effects to be intuitively combined in a single blend volume. Irregular effects are implemented using Precise Contact Modeling, Constructive Solid Geometry and space warping. We show that smooth blends can be obtained, without noticeable bulging, using summation of distance based implicit surfaces. L-systems are used to create the branching structure allowing botanically based simulations to be used as input.

Design of bifurcation junctions in artificial vascular vessels additively manufactured for skin tissue engineering

“…Several strategies have been proposed to suppress them [17,20,24,27], which increase the complexity of the model. [22,23] is adopted.…”

Compact and progressive plant models for streaming in networked virtual environments

“…A branch is represented by (i) an axis curve, modeled as a Bézier curve of degree d, and (ii) a radius along the branch, modeled as a 2D Bézier curve. Such generic high level representation can then be displayed as generalized cylinders [Bloomenthal 1985;Prusinkiewicz et al 2001] (which is the case in this paper) or implicit surface [Galbraith et al 2004]. This skeletal representation is much more compact than a mesh representation.…”

“…This idea inspired the representation we use in this work. More generally, some high level representations for branches have been proposed based on parametric [Bloomenthal 1985] or implicit surfaces [Galbraith et al 2004]. They rely on a branching skeleton which is extended with radius (given by cross sections or implicit functions).…”

Streaming of plants in distributed virtual environments

“…A branch is represented by an axis curve, which is a Bézier of degree d and a radius along the branches. Such generic high level representation can then be displayed as generalized cylinders [4,25], which is the case in this paper, or implicit surface [14] and is much more compact than a mesh representation -for Walnut at full resolution only 6872 control points for our representation are needed vs 278632 triangles for a mesh model. Additionally, it can possibly be extended with kinetic informations for animation (not done in this paper).…”

“…In this case, leaves are instances at different places of the same geometric symbol. More generally, some high level representations for the branches have been proposed based on parametric [4] or implicit surfaces [14]. They rely on a branching skeleton which is extended with radius (given by cross sections or implicit functions).…”