Blockchain-SDN-Based Energy-Aware and Distributed Secure Architecture for IoT in Smart Cities

Islam, Md. Jahidul; Rahman, Asheq; Kabir, Sumaiya; Karim, Razaul; Acharjee, Uzzal Kumar; Nasir, Mostofa Kamal; Band, Shahab S.; Sookhak, Mehdi; Wu, Shaoen

doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3100797

Cited by 85 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The key idea of solutions in this category is to utilise SDN based traffic control via Blockchain to mitigate DDoS attacks [ 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 ]. In order to resist DDoS attacks, these solutions combine the SDN and Blockchain to take advantages of both technologies.…”

Section: Blockchain Based Solutions To Mitigate Ddos Attacks In Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SDN enabled switches provide dynamic flow management of traffic, which assists in the detection of DDoS attacks [ 115 ]. Therefore, solutions under this classification are able to track suspicious traffic and detect DDoS attacks, and thus respond to DDoS attacks [ 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 ].…”

Section: Blockchain Based Solutions To Mitigate Ddos Attacks In Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strength of these solutions [ 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 ] is that they use comprehensive architecture to prevent, detect and mitigate DDoS attacks. The weakness of these solutions [ 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 ] is that the use of SDN will require additional processing and calculation on controllers, which will lead to a certain delay.…”

Section: Blockchain Based Solutions To Mitigate Ddos Attacks In Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blockchain Based Solutions to Mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in the Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey

Shah

Ullah

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Internet of Things (IoT) devices are widely used in many industries including smart cities, smart agriculture, smart medical, smart logistics, etc. However, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks pose a serious threat to the security of IoT. Attackers can easily exploit the vulnerabilities of IoT devices and control them as part of botnets to launch DDoS attacks. This is because IoT devices are resource-constrained with limited memory and computing resources. As an emerging technology, Blockchain has the potential to solve the security issues in IoT. Therefore, it is important to analyse various Blockchain-based solutions to mitigate DDoS attacks in IoT. In this survey, a detailed survey of various Blockchain-based solutions to mitigate DDoS attacks in IoT is carried out. First, we discuss how the IoT networks are vulnerable to DDoS attacks, its impact over IoT networks and associated services, the use of Blockchain as a potential technology to address DDoS attacks, in addition to challenges of Blockchain implementation in IoT. We then discuss various existing Blockchain-based solutions to mitigate the DDoS attacks in the IoT environment. Then, we classify existing Blockchain-based solutions into four categories i.e., Distributed Architecture-based solutions, Access Management-based solutions, Traffic Control-based solutions and the Ethereum Platform-based solutions. All the solutions are critically evaluated in terms of their working principles, the DDoS defense mechanism (i.e., prevention, detection, reaction), strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we discuss future research directions that can be explored to design and develop better Blockchain-based solutions to mitigate DDoS attacks in IoT.

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Section: Blockchain Based Solutions To Mitigate Ddos Attacks In Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blockchain Based Solutions To Mitigate Ddos Attacks In Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blockchain Based Solutions To Mitigate Ddos Attacks In Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Blockchain Based Solutions to Mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in the Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey

Shah

Ullah

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…The proposed model consists of an SDN-enabled blockchain-inspired approach for large-scale receptive atmospheres. The performance of the concerned model is evaluated, where favorable results seem to make it an ideal choice for large-scale IoT networks [19]. SDN also shakes hands with convolutional neural networks (CNN) to equip a distinguished safeguard for IoT against the wide variety of legitimate concerns.…”

Section: Background and Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A connection-based technique is referred to as Credit-Based Threshold Random Walk (CB-TRW). Further, the authors implemented rate limiting in [19] with intrusion detection and prevention systems. For experimentation, network traffic was captured for five minutes.…”

Section: Background and Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Intelligent Framework to Combat Sophisticated Threats in Secure Industries

Javeed

Khan

Shoukat

2022

Sensors

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With the new advancements in Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in different sectors, such as the industrial sector, by connecting billions of devices and instruments, IoT has evolved as a new paradigm known as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Nonetheless, its benefits and applications have been approved in different areas, but there are possibilities for various cyberattacks because of its extensive connectivity and diverse nature. Such attacks result in financial loss and data breaches, which urge a consequential need to secure IIoT infrastructure. To combat the threats in the IIoT environment, we proposed a deep-learning SDN-enabled intelligent framework. A hybrid classifier is used for threat detection purposes, i.e., Cu-LSTMGRU + Cu-BLSTM. The proposed model achieved a better detection accuracy with low false-positive rate. We have conducted 10-fold cross-validation to show the unbiasdness of the results. The proposed scheme results are compared with Cu-DNNLSTM and Cu-DNNGRU classifiers, which were tested and trained on the same dataset. We have further compared the proposed model with other existing standard classifiers for a thorough performance evaluation. Results achieved by our proposed scheme are impressive with respect to speed efficiency, F1 score, accuracy, precision, and other evaluation metrics.

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Impacts of blockchain in software‐defined Internet of Things ecosystem with Network Function Virtualization for smart applications: Present perspectives and future directions

Rahman

Islam

Kundu

et al. 2023

Int J Communication

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SummaryAs an emerging technology, blockchain (BC) has been playing a promising role in today's software‐defined networking (SDN)‐enabled Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Because of the salient feature of the network function virtualization (NFV) techniques, SDN can ensure an IoT system runs efficiently and smoothly in a cloud‐driven ecosystem. When cloud‐enabled systems encounter immense security and operational challenges caused mainly by third‐party dependency, large‐scale data communication, and maintenance, BC offers effective and robust data transfer solutions without incorporating intermediaries over the distributed network. With the increased SDN‐BC convergence in the IoT domain, the underlying challenges and perspectives deserve proper attention methodically and structurally. From the motivation of addressing such issues, this study provides necessary insights to combine those for successful plug‐and‐play. Therefore, the study includes purposefully investigating current state‐of‐the‐art to extract the research trends, future directions, and perspectives in this domain. This study provides a comprehensive survey of IoT, SDN, NFV, and BC‐enabled emerging technologies. More importantly, the authors intelligently integrated the four different technologies—IoT, SDN, BC, and NFV based on characteristics, scopes, challenges, taxonomies, and tables in numerous areas. Initially, the authors introduce the SDN‐IoT ecosystem in brief and address the features and applications. We took a close look at the SDN's overall taxonomy based on security, environment, scopes, and challenges. We also briefly describe the integration of SDN‐IoT with the NFV ecosystems. Moreover, we review the prospect of BC technology from security perspectives, its extent, challenges of practical implementation, and the possible integration of IoT regarding smart applications. Finally, this study highlights several future directions based on these technologies.

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Blockchain-SDN-Based Energy-Aware and Distributed Secure Architecture for IoT in Smart Cities

Cited by 85 publications

References 52 publications

Blockchain Based Solutions to Mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in the Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey

Blockchain Based Solutions to Mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in the Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey

A Hybrid Intelligent Framework to Combat Sophisticated Threats in Secure Industries

Impacts of blockchain in software‐defined Internet of Things ecosystem with Network Function Virtualization for smart applications: Present perspectives and future directions

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