Blocking in serial simple reaction tasks.

Pj, Foley; Humphries, Mark D.

doi:10.1037/h0083222

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Laming (1968, pp. 117-119) was one of the first to report autocorrelations in RTs (see also Foley & Humphries, 1962). In order to account for data from five experiments showing quickly decaying autocorrelations that remained significantly different from zero up to about lag 6 and that were unrelated to the experimental variables, Laming (1968) proposed that the level of attention paid to the experiment on trial i, A i , is given by A i ϭ A ϩ x i , where A is a constant.…”

Section: Previous Accounts Of Serial Dependence In Human Cognition: Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and interpretation of 1/fα noise in human cognition

Wagenmakers

Farrell

Ratcliff

2004

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

322

531

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Recent analyses of serial correlations in cognitive tasks have provided preliminary evidence of the presence of a particular form of long-range serial dependence known as 1/f noise. It has been argued that long-range dependence has been largely ignored in mainstream cognitive psychology even though it accounts for a substantial proportion of variability in behavior (see, e.g., Gilden, 1997Gilden, , 2001. In this article, we discuss the defining characteristics of long-range dependence and argue that claims about its presence need to be evaluated by testing against the alternative hypothesis of short-range dependence. For the data from three experiments, we accomplish such tests with autoregressive fractionally integrated moving-average time series modeling. We find that long-range serial dependence in these experiments can be explained by any of several mechanisms, including mixtures of a small number of short-range processes. THEORETICAL AND REVIEW ARTICLES

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Section: Previous Accounts Of Serial Dependence In Human Cognition: Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and interpretation of 1/fα noise in human cognition

Wagenmakers

Farrell

Ratcliff

2004

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

322

531

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“…In this experiment a RT > .350 sec. was a block as defined by Foley and Humphries (1962). In such cases another RT trial was presented to the subject.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paced and self-paced serial simple reaction time.

Beck¹

1963

Canadian Journal of Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologi

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EXPERIMENTS USING TASKS other than reaction time (RT) have been reported which indicate that self-pacing facilitates performance. For example, self-paced letter sorting yields a higher output than paced (Conrad, 1960). Self-paced performance, as compared to paced performance, on the pursuit rotor yields higher scores, flatter performance curves, and a reduction in the between-subject differences in performance levels (Nance, 1960). The following two experiments were carried out to determine possible differences between paced and self-paced performance in a simple serial reaction task. EXPERIMENT I SubjectsSix paid female Ss, aged 25 to 35 years, were employed in the experiment. Five of the Ss had had at least ten sessions of paced RT in previous experiments and the other was given three daily sessions of RT practice. ApparatusThe display consisted of two white stimulus lights, positioned side by side, beneath each of which were mounted a response key and a reset key. A red warning light (W) was mounted between the two stimulus lights. Although two stimulusresponse complexes were available, only one was used in any condition. One complex was used for the paced conditions and the other for the self-paced. The afterperiod, warning light duration, and foreperiod were controlled by Hunter timers. A Hunter Klockcounter measured RT in msec. During the self-paced conditions, reaction time and reset intervals were recorded on an Esterline-Angus oen recorder. To eliminate extraneous noise effects a background of continuous white noise of 67 db. (re 0.0002 dyne/cm 2 ) was presented through earphones during each condition. ProcedureFigure 1 shows schematically the five conditions of Experiment I (1-5) and the six conditions of Experiment II (6-11).Following an earlier analysis of RT intervals (Foley & Dewis, 1960): T = foreperiod = interval from RT response to stimulus onset in no W conditions or W onset to stimulus onset interval in W conditions; t = sub-foreperiod = interval from reset response to stimulus onset; T 1 -afterperiod = interval from RT response to W onset; t 1 = sub-afterperiod = interval from reset response to W onset; reset interval = interval from RT response to reset response onset.

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“…Using simple visual and auditory RT tasks, Foley and Humphries (75) found that blocks occurred uniformly throughout 14-to 60-mih test periods; but no evidence was found that the occurrence of a block dissipated fatigue buildup, for no gradual increase occurred in RT up to a block and no abrupt decrease in RT after the block. However, since RT did not increase from the beginning to end of the trials, errors were not measured and no subjective fatigue data were collected, so these researchers (75) had no evidence of any fatigue during this type of task.…”

Section: Response Blocking As An Indicator Of Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since RT did not increase from the beginning to end of the trials, errors were not measured and no subjective fatigue data were collected, so these researchers (75) had no evidence of any fatigue during this type of task. In contrast, Bertelson and Joffe (28)--using a fourchoice serial RT task lasting only 30 min--found that RT rose sharply during the four or five responses preceding a block, and fell abruptly following a block, thus supporting Bills' hypothesis that the function of blocks is to dissipate fatigue buildup.…”

Section: Response Blocking As An Indicator Of Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Stressors in Simulated Long-Duration Flight. Effects on Performance, Information Processing, Subjective Fatigue, and Physiological Cost

Perelli¹

1980

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Blocking in serial simple reaction tasks.

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Estimation and interpretation of 1/fα noise in human cognition

Estimation and interpretation of 1/fα noise in human cognition

Paced and self-paced serial simple reaction time.

Fatigue Stressors in Simulated Long-Duration Flight. Effects on Performance, Information Processing, Subjective Fatigue, and Physiological Cost

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