Blood-brain barrier permeability after gamma whole-body irradiation: an in vivo microdialysis study

Abstract

The effects of total-body irradiation on the permeability of rat striatal blood-brain barrier (BBB) to [3H]alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIBA) and [14C]sucrose were investigated using the microdialysis technique. Seven days, 3 and 6 weeks, and 3, 5, and 8 months after gamma exposure at a dose of 4.5 Gy, no modification of the permeability to both [3H]AIBA and [14C]sucrose was observed. But, in the course of the initial syndrome, we observed a significant but transient increase in the BBB permeability to the two markers between 3 and 17 h after exposure. A secondary transient "opening" of the BBB to [14C]sucrose was noticed about 28 h following irradiation without the corresponding increase in BBB permeability to [3H]AIBA. On the contrary, the transport of [3H]AIBA through the BBB was decreased between 33 and 47 h postradiation. In conclusion, our experiments showed early modifications of BBB permeability after a moderate-dose whole-body exposure. Confirmation of these results with other tracers, in another experimental model or in humans, would have clinical applications for designing appropriate pharmacotherapy in radiotherapy and treatment of accidental overexposure.

Interleukin-1β induced activation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis is dependent on interleukin-1 receptors on non-hematopoietic cells

“…Little such infiltration was seen in non-irradiated mice given bone marrow transplantation (Vallieres and Sawchenko, 2003), indicating that the irradiation might compromise the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (Diserbo et al, 2002) and hence raising the concern that it might change the immune response in the brain. Addressing this issue, Turrin et al compared the brain expression of innate immune markers between normal and chimeric mice following LPS administration.…”

An Experimental Study of Acute Radiation-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in a Young Rat Model

“…Several studies have reported the occurrence of a transient increase of BBB permeability after radiation exposure, though the duration seemed to vary among the reports, and it was suggested to strongly depend on the size and the physicochemical properties of the probes used for the assay. 27 Nakata et al 28 studied the effect of single irradiation on the permeability of the BBB in rat brains and found that the destruction of the BBB was detected as early as 1 day after irradiation with 20 or 40 Gy, reached its maximum after 3 days, and gradually decreased during the following few weeks. The degree of this destruction could become much greater when the irradiation dose increased to 80 Gy and the BBB disruption remained during the whole course of the experiment.…”

Blood—brain barrier permeability in healthy rats and rats with experimental C6 glioma after fractionated radiotherapy of the brain

“…Аналогичные исследования в единичных случаях уже проводятся на пациентах. Было показа-но увеличение проницаемости при ежедневном фракционировании в 3 Гр и по достижению суммар-ной дозы в 30 Гр, в области головного мозга, погра-ничных с полем облучения, причем степень увели-чения была прямо пропорциональна дозе ионизиру-ющего излучения [10]. Для уменьшения долгосроч-ной токсичности предпочтительнее фракциониро-вание с разовой ежедневной дозой 2 Гр [27].…”

“…За последнее десятилетие сведения о молеку-лярных изменениях церебрального эндотелия, реак-ции астроглии, длительности и сроках открытия ге-матоэнцефалического барьера при фракциониро-ванном облучении представляют собой разрознен-ную информацию [10][11][12][13][14][15]. По-прежнему спорным и открытым вопросом в современной нейроонколо-гии остается проблема состояния когнитивной сфе-ры и качества жизни пациентов после цикла химио-или радиотерапии на фоне увеличения продолжи-тельности жизни [16,17].…”