Blood Changes during Training and Racing in Sled Dogs

Querengaesser, Andreas; Iben, Christine; Leibetseder, J.

doi:10.1093/jn/124.suppl_12.2760s

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Currently, field studies of dogs performing specific activities and reported in the veterinary literature include investigations of sled dogs (Hinchcliff et al, 1993(Hinchcliff et al, , 1997Querengaesser et al, 1994;Burr et al, 1997;Baskin et al, 2000;Piercy et al, 2000Piercy et al, , 2001aPiercy et al, , 2001bDunlap et al, 2006;McKenzie et al, 2007;Angle et al, 2009;Wakshlag et al, 2010) and Greyhounds (Lassen et al, 1986;Snow et al, 1988;Ilkiw et al, 1989;Rose and Bloomberg, 1989;Nold et al, 1991;Pieschl et al, 1992). These two groups represent large, accessible populations of canine athletes that are often relatively uniform in age and genetic background, and the studies demonstrate that important changes do occur in the exercising canine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the other end of the athletic spectrum, sled dogs exhibit changes related to prolonged exercise, including increased blood volume resulting in decreased packed cell volume due to hemodilution (Querengaesser et al, 1994;Burr et al, 1997). This change does not result in a decrease in total erythrocyte number, but rather reduces cardiac load due to diminished blood viscosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This change does not result in a decrease in total erythrocyte number, but rather reduces cardiac load due to diminished blood viscosity. Other characteristic changes include increased serum creatinine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations associated with muscle damage during the events (Hinchcliff et al, 1993;Querengaesser et al, 1994;McKenzie et al, 2007). It has also been observed that serum sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations decrease due to a decrease in total body cation content in the absence of a significant change in total body water content (Hinchcliff et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum biochemical, blood gas and antioxidant status in search and rescue dogs before and after simulated fieldwork

Spoo¹,

Zoran

Downey³

et al. 2015

The Veterinary Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Serum biochemical, blood gas and antioxidant status in search and rescue dogs before and after simulated fieldwork

Spoo¹,

Zoran

Downey³

et al. 2015

The Veterinary Journal

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“…Several studies have been conducted in order to assess these modifications associated with exercise in racing Greyhounds [12], Sled dogs [10], labrador dogs during retrieving exercises [6,23] and in dogs of different breeds during agility competitions [19,20]. the authors have demonstrated that training and racing cause physical and mental stress as in human athletes [15]. the evaluation of these variations it is of the utmost importance to understand which metabolic pathways are involved, and which physiological adaptations are induced by different types of exercise [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Moderate Treadmill Exercise on Some Physiological Parameters in Untrained Beagle Dogs

et al. 2012

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Abstract:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the modifications of some physiological parameters during moderate treadmill exercise in seven healthy Beagle dogs. All animals were submitted to treadmill exercise consisting of walking (15 min), trotting (20 min) and walking (10 min). At every step, rectal temperature (RT) was measured, and the mean heart rate (HR) was assessed. Venous blood samples were collected immediately before starting the treadmill exercise session (at rest), after the end of walking (15 min), trotting (20 min) and walking (10 min), and after 30 min of passive recovery. For immediate assessment of lactate and glucose concentration, blood was analyzed with portable blood lactate and blood glucose analyzers, respectively. Blood was also transferred into sterile glass tubes containing K 3 -ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (K 3 -EDTA) for evaluation of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of treadmill exercise (P<0.05) on RT, HR, lactate, glucose, RBC and Hct. Considering these significant variations, the knowledge of RT, HR, glucose and lactate concentrations, RBC, and Hct, the most suitable and sensitive indicators of response to treadmill exercise in untrained dogs, is essential in order to evidence the individual levels of exercise tolerance, to investigate exerciserelated problems and to design specific and individual treadmill protocols.

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“…The knowledge of these changes is essential in order to design specific and individual training protocols, for an early diagnosis of lack of performance, to assess the impact of different feeding or supplementation strategies and to minimize the risk of exerciselinked diseases, such as exertional rhabdomyolysis, exhaustion, dehydration, heat stroke and electrolyte imbalances within others. In this way, several researchers have been conducted in order to assess the modifications associated with exercise in racing Greyhounds (Lassen et al, 1986;Snow et al, 1988;Ilkiw et al, 1989;Rose and Bloomberg, 1989;Nold et al, 1991), sled dogs (Querengaesser et al, 1994;Hinchcliff et al, 1993Hinchcliff et al, , 1998Burr et al, 1997;McKenzie et al, 2007), Labrador dogs during retrieving exercises (Matwichuk et al, 1999;Steiss et al, 2004) and in dogs of different breeds during Agility competitions (Rovira et al, 2007a,b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

Rovira¹,

Muñoz²,

Benito³

2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:Exercise induces a variety of physiological and laboratorial changes of different magnitude and direction, depending on the characteristics of the performed exercise (duration and intensity) and on the fitness and training level of the dog. The present research aims to describe the normal response to a session of search and rescue exercise in trained dogs in order to distinguish these changes from those derived from exhaustion or diseases. Nine healthy and trained dogs of both sexes (five females and four males), aged between 24 months and seven years (mean: 3.5 years) were studied. Exercise consisted in a normal session of searching and rescue training of 20 min of duration, carried out in an open terrain. During the exercise, heart rate (HR) was monitored continuously with a HR-meter. Furthermore, respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured and venous blood samples were extracted at rest (R), immediately after exercise (E) and at 5, 15 and 30 min of a passive recuperation (5REC, 15REC and 30REC). The following laboratorial parameters were studied: red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HB), packed cell volume (PCV), RBC volumetric indices, white blood cells (WBC), creatinine (CREAT), total plasma protein (TPP), lactate (LA), glucose (GLU), triacylglycerols (TAG), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Na, K, Cl, cortisol (CORT) and insulin (INS). Clinical signs indicative of exhaustion or exercise intolerance were not observed in the dogs during the study. HR increased with E and remained over the reference range until 30REC. RR and RT also rose with E, with the highest RR at 5REC. RBC, HB and PCV were not affected by E, whereas WBC increased at E. TPP, GLU, AST and K were not affect by E neither by REC. E induced elevations in CK, LDH, LA and INS, reaching R values at 30REC, 30REC, 15REC and 5REC, respectively. Plasma Na decreased with E and recovered at 30REC. Plasma Cl decreased with E, without additional significant changes. Circulating CORT concentrations were reduced with E, with the highest reduction at 10REC. Modifications of RR, RT, WBC, CREAT and TAG persisted throughout the recovery period. In conclusion, significant modifications in physiological and laboratorial parameters were induced by the searching and rescue exercise, with values outside the reference range for healthy dogs. These data provide a data base for evaluating ill or injured dogs during this type of exercise. In addition, there was not evidence of dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and stress or muscle disorders in the studied dogs.

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Blood Changes during Training and Racing in Sled Dogs

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Serum biochemical, blood gas and antioxidant status in search and rescue dogs before and after simulated fieldwork

Serum biochemical, blood gas and antioxidant status in search and rescue dogs before and after simulated fieldwork

Effect of Moderate Treadmill Exercise on Some Physiological Parameters in Untrained Beagle Dogs

Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

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