Blood chemistry and organ nutrient composition in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fed graded amounts of wheat starch

Abstract

After feeding Atlantic salmon, Salrno salar L., five graded amounts of wheat starch from 0 to 310 g kg-', low but increased levels of glycogen in kidney, heart and gills were determined. No variations were found in proximate or glycogen compositions of muscle, whereas the liver composition reflected the diet composition. Whole-body homogenates varied in dry matter and lipid levels; the variation was according to g lipid eaten per fish. Plasma glucose levels ranged above average levels only when the starch level in the feed was higher than 220 g kg-I. Although feed intake and thereby lipid intake increased as dietary carbohydrate increased in the present experiment, no differences in plasma concentrations of cholesterol and only small changes in triglycerides were determined. The increase in dietary carbohydrate was balanced with protein, and total plasma protein concentrations followed the decrease in feed protein content. Haematocrit, haemoglobin, mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin all showed significantly reduced levels as dietary starch increased, indicating a fibre effect from 'left-over' starch in the intestine followed by reduced absorption of divalent ions, such as iron.

Modulation of key metabolic enzyme of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) juvenile: effect of dietary starch type, protein level and exogenous α-amylase in the diet

“…Hemre et al (1995) reported that feeding of G wheat in the diet of salmon increased plasma glucose level, which is in agreement with the findings of the present study. Gelatinization of the starch results in hydratatization and shortening of the starch chain, which improves its digestibility and therefore increased glucose concentration in the blood.…”

Fasted and postprandial response of serum physiological response, hepatic antioxidant abilities and HSP70 expression in Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) fed different dietary carbohydrate levels

“…In the present study, the serum total protein content was significantly lower in the 53% CHO group than that in the control group at 12 h. It indicated that the excess dietary CHO have an immuno-suppressive effect on Wuchang bream. The results were in agreement with the previous study in fish in which the serum total protein content was negatively correlated with dietary carbohydrate (Hemre et al, 1995). Serum aspartate aminotransferase, ubiquitous aminotransferase located in the mitochondria of fish, is an important index for the diagnosis of liver function and damage (Cho et al, 1994;Liu et al, 2010).…”

Effect of dietary carbohydrate on haematology, respiratory burst activity and histological changes in juveniles

“…The presence of undigested carbohydrate in the gut environment [26] may represent a selective media for the growth of different bacterial species [27], thus inducing bacterial metabolism and virulence mechanisms.…”