Blood chemistry and rectal temperature changes in a population of healthy, fall-born, suckling beef calves from birth to 72 h of age

Larson-Peine, Jill M.; Heller, Meera C.; Rathert-Williams, Abigail R; Pearl, K. A.; Duncan, Natalie B; Ley, B. L. Vander; Meyer, Allison M

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.05.024

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Gestational treatment did not affect ( P ≥ 0.17) circulating energy metabolites (glucose, NEFA, or triglycerides), protein metabolites (urea N, creatinine, total protein, globulin, or albumin), liver enzymes (AST, CK, or GGT), anion gap, bicarbonate, or direct or total bilirubin in neonatal calves ( Supplementary Table 3 ). In general, changes from 0 to 48 h follow our previous report of fall-born calf blood chemistry in Larson-Peine et al (2022) . Although trace minerals are important for metabolic functions ( Spears, 1999 ), few data are available regarding the effects of maternal Cu, Zn, and Mn nutrition on neonatal ruminant offspring metabolic status.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Additionally, neonatal calf (0 and 48 h) and pre-weaning calf serum NEFA, as well as pre-weaning calf plasma glucose and serum urea N, were analyzed using these methods. Neonatal calf plasma triglycerides were analyzed as described by Larson-Peine et al (2022) . For each assay, samples were analyzed in duplicate, and pooled samples were used as controls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neonatal calf serum chemistry analysis was conducted by the University of Missouri Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory ( VMDL ) as described by Larson-Peine et al (2022) . This included serum glucose, urea N, creatinine, total protein, globulin, albumin, sodium, calcium, chloride, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, anion gap, bicarbonate, direct and total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase ( AST ), gamma-glutamyl transferase ( GGT ), and creatine kinase ( CK ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism

Stephenson

Rathert-Williams

Kenny

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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To determine effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn source and inclusion during late gestation, multiparous beef cows [n = 48; 649 ± 80 kg body weight (BW); 5.3 ± 0.5 body condition score (BCS)] were individually-fed hay and supplement to meet or exceed all nutrient recommendations except Cu, Zn, and Mn. From 91.2 ± 6.2 d pre-calving to 11.0 ± 3.2 d post-calving, cows received: no additional Cu, Zn, or Mn (control, CON), sulfate-based Cu, Zn, and Mn (inorganic, ITM) or metal methionine hydroxy analogue chelates of Cu, Zn, and Mn (MMHAC) at 133% recommendations, or a combination of inorganic and chelated Cu, Zn, and Mn (reduce and replace, RR) to meet 100% of recommendations. Data were analyzed with treatment and breeding group (and calf sex if P < 0.25 for offspring measures) as fixed effects, animal as experimental unit, and sampling time as a repeated effect for serum, plasma, and milk measures over time. Post-calving cow liver Cu was greater (P ≤ 0.07) in MMHAC compared with all other treatments. Calves born to RR had greater (P ≤ 0.05) liver Cu than ITM and CON, and MMHAC had greater (P = 0.06) liver Cu than CON. Liver Mn was less (P ≤ 0.08) for RR calves than all other treatments. Calf plasma Zn was maintained (P ≥ 0.15) from 0 to 48 h of age in ITM and MMHAC but decreased (P ≤ 0.03) in CON and RR. Gestational cow BW, BCS, and metabolites were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) by treatment, but gestational serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were greater (P = 0.01) for CON than MMHAC. Treatment did not affect (P ≥ 0.13) calf birth size, vigor, placental size and minerals, or transfer of passive immunity. Neonatal calf serum Ca was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for MMHAC than all other treatments; other calf serum chemistry and plasma cortisol were not affected (P ≥ 0.12). Pre-suckling colostrum yield, and lactose concentration and content, were greater (P ≤ 0.06) for MMHAC compared with ITM and RR. Colostral triglyceride and protein concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.08) for RR than MMHAC and CON. Cow lactational BW and BCS, milk yield and composition, and pre-weaning calf BW and metabolism were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) by treatment. Lactational serum TBARS were greater (P = 0.04) for RR than CON at d 35 and greater (P ≤ 0.09) for MMHAC at d 60 than all other treatments. Source and inclusion of Cu, Zn, and Mn altered maternal and neonatal calf mineral status, but calf size and vigor at birth, passive transfer, and pre-weaning growth were not affected in this study.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism

Stephenson

Rathert-Williams

Kenny

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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“…Maternal plasma glucose, serum urea N, and serum non-esterified fatty acids ( NEFA ) were analyzed as described in Niederecker et al (2018) , and plasma triglycerides were analyzed as described in Larson-Peine et al (2022) . For each assay, samples were analyzed in duplicate, and pooled control samples were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late gestational nutrient restriction in primiparous beef females: nutrient partitioning among the dam, fetus, and colostrum during gestation

Redifer

Wichman

Rathert-Williams

et al. 2023

Journal of Animal Science

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Fall-calving primiparous crossbred beef females [body weight (BW): 451 ± 28 (SD) kg; body condition score (BCS): 5.4 ± 0.7] were allocated by fetal sex and expected calving date to receive either 100% (control; CON; n = 13) or 70% (nutrient restricted; NR; n = 13) of metabolizable energy and metabolizable protein requirements for maintenance, pregnancy, and growth from d 160 of gestation to calving. Heifers were individually-fed chopped poor quality hay and supplemented to meet targeted nutritional planes based on estimated hay intakes. Dam BW, BCS, backfat, and metabolic status were determined pre-treatment, every 21 d (BW and metabolic status) or 42 d (BCS and backfat) during gestation, and post-calving. At birth, calf BW and size were measured, and total colostrum from the most full rear quarter was collected pre-suckling. Data were analyzed with nutritional plane, treatment initiation date, and calf sex (when P < 0.25) as fixed effects. Gestational metabolites included day and nutritional plane × day as repeated measures. During late gestation, CON dams gained (P < 0.01) maternal (non-gravid) BW and maintained (P ≥ 0.17) BCS and backfat, while NR dams lost (P < 0.01) maternal BW, BCS, and backfat. Circulating glucose, urea N, and triglycerides were less (P ≤ 0.05) in NR dams than CON at most late gestational timepoints after treatment initiation. Circulating non-esterified fatty acids were greater (P < 0.01) in NR dams than CON. Post-calving, NR dams weighed 63.6 kg less (P < 0.01) and were 2.0 BCS less (P < 0.01) than CON. At 1 h post-calving, NR dams had less (P = 0.01) plasma glucose and tended to have less (P = 0.08) plasma triglycerides than CON. Nutrient restriction did not affect (P ≥ 0.27) gestation length, calf birth weight, or calf size at birth. Colostrum yield was 40% less (P = 0.04) in NR dams than CON. Protein and immunoglobulin concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.04), but free glucose and urea N concentrations were less (P ≤ 0.03), in colostrum of NR dams than CON. Colostrum total lactose, free glucose, and urea N were less (P ≤ 0.03) in NR dams than CON, but total protein, triglycerides, and immunoglobulins were not affected (P ≥ 0.55). In summary, beef heifers experiencing late gestational nutrient restriction prioritized partitioning nutrients to fetal growth and colostrum production over maternal growth. During undernutrition, fetal and colostral nutrient demands were largely compensated for by catabolism of maternal tissue stores.

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“…Blood calcium (Wichman et al., 2022) and glucose (Larson‐Peine et al., 2022 ) levels influence neonatal standing times post‐birth. Neonates encounter difficulties in standing due to reduced muscle tension (Michaeli et al., 2022 ), yet with artificial energy supplementation and assisted training, they can regain strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An adolescent female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) gave birth to an abnormal calf

Duan,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Maternal nutrition and the uterine environment can influence placental development in mammals, leading to the birth of abnormal infants who often experience difficulties in independent standing. This article documents an adolescent female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) giving birth to an African elephant calf with a shoulder height below the mean, and its inability to stand for the first 10 h after birth, a time span that significantly exceeds the average duration for independent standing. Through the implementation of assisted feeding and assisted standing measures, the calf eventually achieved independent standing and nursing from its mother after 27 h and subsequent catch‐up growth at 5 months of age. This study presents the first case report on the growth parameters during pregnancy of an adolescent African elephant, the birth and care (feeding, assisted standing) of a small African elephant calf with the inability to stand alone and nurse independently for several hours, highlighting pregnancy may influence the growth of cows during their ongoing growth and development phase, the calf's survival and subsequent catch‐up growth at 5 months of age. These findings offer valuable insights into the care of abnormal African elephant calves.

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Blood chemistry and rectal temperature changes in a population of healthy, fall-born, suckling beef calves from birth to 72 h of age

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism

Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism

Late gestational nutrient restriction in primiparous beef females: nutrient partitioning among the dam, fetus, and colostrum during gestation

An adolescent female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) gave birth to an abnormal calf

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