Blood Donation; Knowledge, Attitude and Beliefs of the Female Attendants

Saqlain, Nazish

doi:10.17957/tpmj/17.4003

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[11][12][13]15,[18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26]28,29,31,32,35,39 Two studies had 0% of HIV-reactive cases. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Another two studies had HIV frequency of 0.02% (N=26) and 0.07% (n= 20) of the screened population, all positive cases were men. 20,22 Irfan et al reported a low frequency (0.10%) of HIVpositive cases but faced difficulty in following up on reactive cases.…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 An estimated 3.5 million blood donations are collected every year in Pakistan. 2 Blood transfusions are used mainly for chronically transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients, anemia due to poor health conditions, acute trauma, surgical procedures, hemorrhage and pregnancy-related complications. 5 An estimated one-fourth of the national annual blood collections are used for transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Blood Donors and Associated Safety Challenges in Pakistan

Ehsan

Wahab²,

Shafqat

et al. 2020

Blood

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Introduction: The blood transfusion (BT) system in Pakistan is fragmented, demand-driven, and depends on weakly regulated transfusion practices. This is primarily a big problem in smaller cities and remote rural areas. Pakistan has one of the highest hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence worldwide, estimated around 5 & 10 million cases, respectively. There is a considerable risk that transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) may have contributed to the current epidemic of HBV & HCV, affecting 7.4 % of the general population, and potential risk of HIV transmission in the country. In this systematic review, we aim to identify the prevalence of TTIs among the blood donor population and associated safety challenges. Method & Material: We conducted a systematic literature search to identify studies related to TTIs and transfusion safety in Pakistan from January 1, 2010, to January 31, 2020. A search was conducted using PubMed and PakMedinet.com (largest medical database of Pakistan); initial search retrieved 981 articles, 166 met the inclusion criteria, and after review by two independent reviewers, 33 articles met the final criteria for qualitative synthesis. Results: Analysis of 33 studies showed the seroprevalence of HBV of 2.04 % (0.81% to 4.22%), HCV of 2.44% (1.29 % to 10%), HIV of 0.038% (0% to 0.18%), syphilis of 1.1% (0.11-3.01%) and malaria of 0.11% (0.05-1.20). The rate of coinfections among blood donors varied from 0.0099% to 0.35 %. The highest number of coinfections were HCV & syphilis, followed by HCV & HBV infections. The rate of TTIs was dependent on the number of donors, donor types (replacement vs. voluntary), screening techniques used, number, and type of TTIs tested. There was a lack of universal screening for common TTIs. Syphilis and malaria were tested only 38 % & 46 % of all the blood donations. The studies with a high number of replacement donors (RDs) noted a high prevalence of TTIs of 2.5 % to 12 % compared to the studies with a high number of voluntary non-remunerated donations (VNRDs) reported TTIs rates of 1.57% to 6.2 %. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of HBV & HCV in VNRDs (0.48%) compared to RDs (4.15%). The rate of VNRDs was 0.10 % to 13%. The majority of blood donations were from male donors, representing more than 70 % of all donations. The female donations varied from 0.03% to 15 % in government/public blood banks than 29 % in private sector blood banks. The HBV & HCV infections and anemia were the most common causes of blood donation deferral. The 69.5 % of donors who tested positive for TTIs in a study reported previous blood donations. The educational status of donors noted to have an association with knowledge about the risk of TTIs. Odds of having limited knowledge about TTIs (OR: 4.04, CI: 1.567-10.435, p<0.01) were greater if donors had a secondary level of education compared to those with tertiary education. 48 % of blood donors did not know about the risk of TTIs through blood transfusion. There was notification of only about 54.25 % of all donors, who tested positive for any TTIs. This was mainly due to a lack of standardized reporting and follow up systems. Conclusion: This systemic review shows a high prevalence of TTIs, especially HBV, HCV & syphilis in the blood donor population. There is a high dependency on RDs, with minimal use of healthy voluntary blood donation practices, inadequate screening of high-risk donors, repeated collections of the blood from RDs, poor quality of screening methods, and limited knowledge of donors about their health. There is a lack of widespread standardized testing and follow up of patients who tested positive on initial testing. Large prospective multicenter clinical trials are required for a better understanding of the TTIs by testing and creating a follow-up system for both blood donors and recipients. Disclosures Anwer: Incyte, Seattle Genetics, Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Celegene, Millennium Pharmaceuticals.:Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

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Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Blood Donors and Associated Safety Challenges in Pakistan

Ehsan

Wahab²,

Shafqat

et al. 2020

Blood

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“…Females although representing half of our population but their participation in blood donation process has always been scarce in our country. 17 , 18 Moreover, Anti-A1 antibody testing was not performed. It can be considered as a pilot study and be further extended by performing Anti-A1 antibody testing in people of blood group of A2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of A2 and A2B Subgroups among Blood Groups A and AB in healthy donors

Khanum,

Farhan,

Saqlain

et al. 2023

Pak J Med Sci

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Objective: To determine the frequency of A2 and A2B subgroups among blood groups A and AB in healthy donors. Methods: It was a Cross-Sectional study, conducted at the Department of Hematology & Transfusion Medicine, UCHS, The Children’s Hospital Lahore and Sundas foundation Lahore from June 2022 to December 2022 including 13,120 healthy blood donors of both genders, after taking informed consent. Venous blood samples of donors were collected in EDTA vials (3ml) and serum gel vial for routine blood grouping which was done by standard tube method. Further testing of donors positive for an antigen (blood Group-A and AB) was performed using anti-A1 lectin by standard tube method as per manufacturer’s instruction. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: Among 13120 blood donors, 12857 (97.9%) were male and 263 (2.0%) were female with mean age of 36.7 years ± 15.04 years. Majority of them (91.7%) were of Punjabi ethnicity. Donors having blood group phenotype A and AB were 3890 (29.6%). Among blood Group-A donors, A1 was found in 97.8% and A2 in 2.2% donors. While among Blood Group-AB, 96.7% donors belonged to A1B blood group and 3.2% belonged to A2B blood group. Conclusions: Blood group A2 and A2B do exist in blood donors of Punjabi ethnicity. The knowledge of presence of these blood groups’ phenotypes in our population can provide a better base for transfusion staff to do troubleshooting in compatibility testing and to avoid any rare but hazardous transfusion outcome. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.1.7916 How to cite this: Khanum A, Farhan S, Saqlain N, Arshad S. Prevalence of A2 and A2B Subgroups among Blood Groups A and AB in healthy donors. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.1.7916 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…3 The number of voluntary donors is not up to the mark yet. 4 There are many barriers to the blood donation process like security of donors, lack of knowledge, counselling and education, misconceptions and myths related to blood donation, anxiety and different 1 Department of Hematology & Transfusion Medicine, 2 Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Child Health Sciences, The Children's Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan 3 Department of Hematology, FJMU, Lahore, Pakistan fears. These uncertainties reduce the rate of voluntary blood donations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of blood donation related fears with donors’ characteristics and their impact on future donation

Saqlain,

Irfan,

Riaz

et al. 2023

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: To find the association of blood donation related fears with the donors’ characteristics like age, education level and previous donation history and to find their impact on future donation. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, from June to December 2022. A self-designed questionnaire addressing five types of fears was filled from 700 blood donors through interview after taking informed consent. Data was analyzed by using IBM-SPSS V23. Results: Among 700 participants, 91.1% were male with mean age ±SD of 28.9±7.1years and 8.9% were female with mean age of 24.5±3.7years. For previous donation experience, the cohort was divided into five subgroups in which 19.7% had never donated blood and 11.3% had six or more donations. Fears were significantly reduced among donors with frequent donations compared to those with reduced donations. However, 4-5% had some retained fears. Reduced fears were observed in donors with higher education except for the fear of needle. Fears of having blood drawn/seeing blood and fear of fainting were more in younger donors. Out of 5.71% donors who were not willing for voluntary blood donation in future, 95% had fears. Conclusions: Frequent blood donations, higher education level and age more than 30 years were associated with reduced blood donation associated fears among blood donors. The presence of fears has negative relation with willingness for future blood donations.

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Blood Donation; Knowledge, Attitude and Beliefs of the Female Attendants

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

A Systematic Review of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Blood Donors and Associated Safety Challenges in Pakistan

A Systematic Review of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Blood Donors and Associated Safety Challenges in Pakistan

Prevalence of A2 and A2B Subgroups among Blood Groups A and AB in healthy donors

Association of blood donation related fears with donors’ characteristics and their impact on future donation

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