Blood Drain: Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anemia in Pregnant Women

Gyorkos, Theresa W.; Gilbert, Nicolas L.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002912

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Previous studies from Uganda, Nigeria and Nepal found no such significant association between parasitic infections and IDA [51][52][53]. Similarly, a recent study concluded that the association between anemia and trichuriasis is less clear [54]. Moreover, we found no significant associations between IDA and hookworm infections and schistosomiasis among these subjects.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Children in Yemen

Al-Zabedi¹,

Kaid²,

Sady³

et al. 2014

AJHR

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Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional anemia and considered a major public health problem worldwide. This cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of IDA among 187 children aged below 15 years from rural areas in Yemen. Clinical data was collected by measuring hemoglobin level (Hb), serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF), and total iron binding capacity (TIBC). Moreover, fecal samples were collected and examined for the presence of intestinal parasites. Demographic and socioeconomic data was collected by a pretested questionnaire. The overall prevalence of anemia and IDA was 48.7% and 34.2%, respectively with IDA represents 70.2% of all anemia cases. Univariate analysis showed significant associations between IDA and age, gender, parent educational level, monthly household income, intestinal parasitic infections. However, gender (female), low household monthly income and low level of mothers' education were retained by multivariate analysis as the risk factors of IDA. In conclusion, IDA is a serious health problem among children in rural Yemen and there is a need for national intervention strategies and programs to improve the socioeconomic status and health education which will help significantly in controlling anemia and IDA among these children.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Children in Yemen

Al-Zabedi¹,

Kaid²,

Sady³

et al. 2014

AJHR

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“…), Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura, represent a leading global cause of anemia, malnutrition, and growth delay, especially among children and women of childbearing age. [1][2][3][4] Together, these three intestinal nematodes infect more than 1 billion people worldwide, with twice that number currently living in endemic areas. Among the STHs, hookworms are associated with a significant burden of disease, which is primarily attributable to gastrointestinal blood loss caused by adult worms that attach to the intestinal mucosa and feed on blood from lacerated capillaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Albendazole for Hookworm Varies Widely by Community and Correlates with Nutritional Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study of School-Age Children in Ghana

Humphries

Nguyen

Kumar

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Mass drug administration (MDA) targeting school-age children is recommended by the World Health Organization for the global control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. Although considered safe and cost-effective to deliver, benzimidazole anthelminthics are variably effective against the three most common STHs, and widespread use has raised concern about the potential for emerging resistance. To identify factors mediating response to albendazole, we conducted a cross-sectional study of hookworm infection in the Kintampo North Municipality of Ghana in 2011. Among 140 school-age children residing in five contiguous communities, the hookworm prevalence was 59% (82/140). The overall cure rate following administration of single-dose albendazole (400 mg) was 35% (27/76), with a community-wide fecal egg reduction rate (ERR) of 61% (95% confidence interval: 51.8-71.1). Significant disparities were observed in albendazole effectiveness by community, with a cure rate as low as 0% ( = 24) in Jato Akuraa and ERRs ranging from 53% to 95% across the five study sites. Individual host factors associated with response to deworming treatment included time since last meal, pretreatment blood hemoglobin level, and mid-upper arm circumference. These data demonstrate significant community-level variation in the effectiveness of albendazole, even among populations living in close proximity. Identification of host factors that influence response to albendazole, most notably the timing of drug administration and nutritional factors, creates an opportunity to enhance the effectiveness of deworming through targeted interventions. These findings also demonstrate the importance of measuring anthelminthic response as part of the monitoring and evaluation of community-based deworming programs.

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“…Women of reproductive age (WRA) in low-and middle-income countries are particularly vulnerable to morbidity resulting from soil-transmitted helminth infection (STH) [1][2][3]. It has recently been estimated that approximately 700 million WRA in over 100 countries are at risk of morbidity from these infections [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most previous research on STH infections and deworming has focused on children. Even though it is well known that worm infections cause and exacerbate anemia during the different stages of a woman's reproductive life span, WRA have been under-studied in this context [2,11]. The resulting lack of uptake by endemic countries of deworming programs that include women of reproductive age inadvertently neglects an important cause of STH-attributable morbidity and reinforces gender inequities [3,5,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruling out early trimester pregnancy when implementing community-based deworming programs

et al. 2020

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BackgroundLarge-scale deworming programs have, to date, mostly targeted preschool-and school-age children. As community-based deworming programs become more common, deworming will be offered to women of reproductive age. The World Health Organization recommends preventive chemotherapy be administered to pregnant women only after the first trimester. It is therefore important for deworming programs to be able to identify women in early pregnancy. Our objective was to validate a short questionnaire which could be used by deworming program managers to identify and screen out women in early pregnancy. OPEN ACCESS Citation: St-Denis K, Blouin B, Rahme E, Casapia M, Montresor A, Mupfasoni D, et al. (2020) Ruling out early trimester pregnancy when implementing community-based deworming programs. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14(1): e0007901. https://doi.org/ 10.To date, large-scale deworming programs have strategically targeted the high risk groups of school-age and preschool-age children in worm-endemic areas using the highly costeffective existing infrastructure of schools. To achieve elimination of worm-attributable morbidity, however, adult populations will also need to be treated. The World Health Organization considers women of reproductive age to also be a high risk group for wormattributable morbidity and they will be increasingly included in large-scale communitybased deworming programs. Although deworming treatment is considered safe and effective at any time, it is recommended that pregnant women in the first trimester be excluded from deworming treatment. Therefore, program managers need to have a screening tool in order to rule out early trimester pregnant women during deworming program implementation. To respond to this need, we evaluated the predictive properties of a parsimonious set of questions in a study population of adult women of reproductive age in a wormendemic region of the Peruvian Amazon. We present several question scenarios to assist program managers in using questions to rule out early trimester pregnant women. Adapted to local cultural settings, such a screening tool can optimize deworming coverage in women of reproductive age.Ruling out early trimester pregnancy in deworming programs PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | https://doi.

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Blood Drain: Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Anemia in Pregnant Women

Cited by 43 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Children in Yemen

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Children in Yemen

Effectiveness of Albendazole for Hookworm Varies Widely by Community and Correlates with Nutritional Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study of School-Age Children in Ghana

Ruling out early trimester pregnancy when implementing community-based deworming programs

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