Blood eosinophils: In quest of a Holy Grail for personalized asthma treatment with biologicals

Jeseňák, Miloš; Diamant, Zuzana

doi:10.1111/all.14253

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The role of eosinophils in personalized asthma treatment remains controversial. In a real‐life study, Bagnasco et al showed no correlation between peripheral blood eosinophils count with the clinical, functional, and biological outcome changes in asthma patients 136,137 …”

Section: Asthma Diagnosis Precision Medicine and Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a real-life study, Bagnasco et al showed no correlation between peripheral blood eosinophils count with the clinical, functional, and biological outcome changes in asthma patients. 136,137 Not only frequencies of eosinophils can serve as a biomarker of asthma severity 124 and response to the treatment. 138…”

Section: A S Thma D Iag Nos Is Precis I On Med I Cine and B I Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020

Cevhertas

Öğülür

Maurer

et al. 2020

Allergy

126

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In this review, we discuss recent publications on asthma and review the studies that have reported on the different aspects of the prevalence, risk factors and prevention, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of asthma. Many risk and protective factors and molecular mechanisms are involved in the development of asthma. Emerging concepts and challenges in implementing the exposome paradigm and its application in allergic diseases and asthma are reviewed, including genetic and epigenetic factors, microbial dysbiosis, and environmental exposure, particularly to indoor and outdoor substances. The most relevant experimental studies further advancing the understanding of molecular and immune mechanisms with potential new targets for the development of therapeutics are discussed. A reliable diagnosis of asthma, disease endotyping, and monitoring its severity are of great importance in the management of asthma. Correct evaluation and management of asthma comorbidity/ multimorbidity, including interaction with asthma phenotypes and its value for the precision medicine approach and validation of predictive biomarkers, are further detailed. Novel approaches and strategies in asthma treatment linked to mechanisms and endotypes of asthma, particularly biologicals, are critically appraised. Finally, due to the recent pandemics and its impact on patient management, we discuss the challenges, relationships, and molecular mechanisms between asthma, allergies, SARS-CoV-2, and COVID-19.

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Section: Asthma Diagnosis Precision Medicine and Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A S Thma D Iag Nos Is Precis I On Med I Cine and B I Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020

Cevhertas

Öğülür

Maurer

et al. 2020

Allergy

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the basis of the above premise, another hypothesis postulated a link between eosinophilic type 2 asthma and COVID-19. Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 showed a decrease in blood eosinophil count or eosinopenia with worse prognosis associated with decreased counts [21,22]. Initially, it was thought that eosinophilic sequestration happens at sites of inflammation and explained the depletion of peripheral eosinophilia [23].…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019: current evidence and knowledge gaps

Assaf

Tarasevych

Diamant

et al. 2020

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

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Purpose of reviewAlthough respiratory viruses are common triggers of asthma exacerbation, it is unknown whether this also applies to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Indeed, patients with asthma and allergy appear underrepresented in large reports of COVID-19 cases worldwide. In this review, we evaluate existing literature on this topic and potential underlying mechanisms for any interrelationship between asthma and COVID-19. Recent findingsData from several preclinical and clinical reports suggest a lower susceptibility for COVID-19 in patients with underlying type 2 airway inflammation including asthma that may be related to a reduced expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors for SARS-CoV-2. Corticosteroids further decrease expression of the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors, hence may also have a protective effect against infection with SARS-CoV-2. In addition, some studies suggest that the reported improvement in asthma control and a reduction in asthma exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic may be related to improvement in adherence to controller therapy and reduced exposure to triggers, such as other respiratory viruses and air pollutants. Recent data point towards differential susceptibility for COVID-19 among asthma patients based on their phenotype and/or endotype. On the basis of existing evidence, continuation with controller therapies is recommended for all patients with asthma. For patients with severe uncontrolled asthma infected by SARS-CoV-2, adjustment of controllers and biologics should be based on a multidisciplinary decision.

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“…homeostatic) eosinophils from healthy tissues during long-term treatment of type 2/eosinophilic inflammation (Figure 4). 108,256,257,258,338 Historically, eosinophils have been associated with helminthic infections and allergic diseases. As mentioned before, recent evidence revealed their important involvement in innate immune responses displaying regulatory/dampening effects.…”

Section: To Completely Block or Not Completely Block Eosinophils-that...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils—from cradle to grave

Jesenak,

Diamant,

Simon

et al. 2023

Allergy

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Over the past years, eosinophils have become a focus of scientific interest, especially in the context of their recently uncovered functions (e.g. antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, regulatory). These versatile cells display both beneficial and detrimental activities under various physiological and pathological conditions. Eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases which can be classified into primary (clonal) and secondary (reactive) disorders and idiopathic (hyper)eosinophilic syndromes. Depending on the biological specimen, the eosinophil count in different body compartments may serve as a biomarker reflecting the underlying pathophysiology and/or activity of distinct diseases and as a therapy‐driving (predictive) and monitoring tool. Personalized selection of an appropriate therapeutic strategy directly or indirectly targeting the increased number and/or activity of eosinophils should be based on the understanding of eosinophil homeostasis including their interactions with other immune and non‐immune cells within different body compartments. Hence, restoring as well as maintaining homeostasis within an individual's eosinophil pool is a goal of both specific and non‐specific eosinophil‐targeting therapies. Despite the overall favourable safety profile of the currently available anti‐eosinophil biologics, the effect of eosinophil depletion should be monitored from the perspective of possible unwanted consequences.

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Blood eosinophils: In quest of a Holy Grail for personalized asthma treatment with biologicals

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020

Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020

Asthma and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019: current evidence and knowledge gaps

Eosinophils—from cradle to grave

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