Blood flow and muscle fatigue in SCI individuals  during electrical stimulation

Olive, Jennifer L.; Slade, Jill M.; Dudley, Gary A.; McCully, Kevin K.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00736.2002

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…11 Increased fatigability may diminish the ability to sustain sufficient exercise intensity long enough to stimulate cardiovascular adaptations. The initial level of muscle fatigue with our stimulation protocol was 37%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 One potential limitation to NMES training for individuals with SCI is excessive muscle fatigue. [11][12][13] In a recent investigation, individuals with SCI were subjected to an electrical stimulation protocol designed to evoke isometric contractions of the quadriceps muscle group. 11 Muscle fatigue in individuals with SCI was three times greater than that found in AB subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13] In a recent investigation, individuals with SCI were subjected to an electrical stimulation protocol designed to evoke isometric contractions of the quadriceps muscle group. 11 Muscle fatigue in individuals with SCI was three times greater than that found in AB subjects. Individuals with SCI were also found to have a reduction in the rate of exercise hyperemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

et al. 2005

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Study design: Longitudinal. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lower extremity resistance training on quadriceps fatigability, femoral artery diameter, and femoral artery blood flow. Setting: Academic Institution. Methods: Five male chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) individuals (American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA): A complete; C5-T10; 3675 years old) completed 18 weeks of home-based neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) resistance training. Subjects trained the quadriceps muscle group twice a week with four sets of 10 dynamic knee extensions against resistance while in a seated position. All measurements were made before training and after 8, 12, and 18 weeks of training. Ultrasound was used to measure femoral artery diameter and blood flow. Blood flow was measured before and after 5 and 10 min of distal cuff occlusion, and during a 4-min isometric electrical stimulation fatigue protocol. Results: Training resulted in significant increases in weight lifted and muscle mass, as well as a 60% reduction in muscle fatigue (P ¼ 0.001). However, femoral arterial diameter did not increase. The range was 0.4470.03 to 0.4670.05 cm over the four time points (P ¼ 0.70). Resting, reactive hyperemic, and exercise blood flow did not appear to change with training. Conclusion: NMES resistance training improved muscle size and fatigue despite an absence of response in the supplying vasculature. These results suggest that the decreases in arterial caliber and blood flow seen with SCI are not tightly linked to muscle mass and fatigue resistance. In addition, muscle fatigue in SCI patients can be improved without increases in arterial diameter or blood flow capacity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

et al. 2005

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“…One article investigated the influence of single muscle electrical stimulation on arterial dynamics in those with SCI. 56 This study illustrated that electrical stimulation of the quadriceps femoris leads to increased femoral artery blood flow. In addition, these authors showed that femoral blood flow increases with increasing exercise intensity in SCI participants, suggesting a dose-response relationship.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…46 Acute exercise techniques Fourteen papers investigated the vascular effects of a single acute exercise bout. Eight articles were prospective control trials 31,41,[51][52][53][54][55][56] and six were pre-post design. 40,[57][58][59][60][61] Papers investigating acute exercise included: passive leg exercise (n ¼ 3), 53,57,60 FES (n ¼ 3), 54,55,59 single muscle electrical stimulation (n ¼ 1), 56 upper body continuous aerobic exercise (arm cycling or wheeling) (n ¼ 5), 31,40,41,52,58 acute combined arm passive leg exercise (n ¼ 1) 61 and stretchinduced contractions (n ¼ 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of exercise as a therapeutic intervention to improve arterial function in persons living with spinal cord injury

Phillips

Coté

2011

Spinal Cord

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Study design: All randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort, case-controlled, pre-post studies and case reports that assessed exercise interventions, which influence arterial structure and function after spinal cord injury (SCI), were included. Objective: To review systematically the evidence for exercise as a therapy to alter arterial function in persons with SCI. Setting: Literature searches were conducted for appropriate articles using several electronic databases (e.g. MEDLINE, EMBASE). Methods: Three independent reviewers evaluated each investigation's quality, using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale for randomized controlled trials and Downs and Black Scale for all other studies. Results were tabulated and levels of evidence assigned. Results: A total of 283 studies were found through the systematic literature search. Upon review of the articles, 27 were included. The articles were separated into those investigating arterial benefits, resulting from either acute bouts of exercise or long-term exercise interventions. The ability of both acute and long-term exercise interventions to improve arterial structure and function in those with SCI was supported by limited to moderate methodological quality. Upper body wheeling is the most commonly examined exercise therapy for improving arterial function. It appears from the evidence that a variety of exercise interventions, including passive exercise, upper body wheeling, functional electrical stimulation and electrically stimulated resistance exercise, can improve arterial function in those living with SCI. Conclusions: Although the quality and volume of evidence is low, the literature supports exercise as a useful intervention technique for improving arterial function in those with SCI.

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Skeletal Muscle Fatigue

Kent‐Braun

Fitts

Christie

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

180

159

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Skeletal muscle fatigue is defined as the fall of force or power in response to contractile activity. Both the mechanisms of fatigue and the modes used to elicit it vary tremendously. Conceptual and technological advances allow the examination of fatigue from the level of the single molecule to the intact organism. Evaluation of muscle fatigue in a wide range of disease states builds on our understanding of basic function by revealing the sources of dysfunction in response to disease. © 2012 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 2:997‐1044, 2012.

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Blood flow and muscle fatigue in SCI individuals during electrical stimulation

Cited by 59 publications

References 65 publications

Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

A systematic review of exercise as a therapeutic intervention to improve arterial function in persons living with spinal cord injury

Skeletal Muscle Fatigue

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