Blood flow measurements in the fetal descending aorta: Technique and Clinics

Tonge, H.M.; Struijk, P. C.; Wladimiroff, J. W.

doi:10.1002/clc.4960070602

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There is a decrease in flow/kg as pregnancy progresses, potentially a reflection of fetal weight increasing at a rate greater than that of the increase in flow. One problem with measurement of flow/kg is that it is dependent upon ultrasound biometry and the inherent error in estimating fetal weight 11 . However, in general, the relationships remain and the flow/kg in the SUA is approximately twice that of the three-vessel cord.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volumetric umbilical artery blood flow: comparison of the normal versus the single umbilical artery cord

Goldkrand

Pettigrew

Lentz

et al. 2001

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med

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Objective : This was a study of the volumetric blood flow in single umbilical artery (SUA) cords as compared to three-vessel cords. Hypothesis: SUA flow will be twice that of an artery in a normal cord. Meth ods: We studied 276 patients (24 SUA, 252 normal cord) at 18-40 weeks' gestation utilizing gray-scale and color Doppler. Flow, flow/kg, velocity, artery diameter, Doppler velocimetry indices, estimated fetal weight (EFW) and amniotic fluid index (AFI) were compared. All fetuses were anatomically and cytogenetically normal. Re sults: Blood flow increased with advancing gestation and the SUA volume was twice that in the normal cord artery. Flow/kg decreased for both cords, with the SUA values twice those of normal cords. Arterial diameter and velocity increased, but to a greater degree in SUA. Velocimetry, although in the normal range, decreased progressively with the resistance indices always lower in the SUA cord. EFW and AFI were the same for both groups. C onclusion: Volumetric blood and its components were measured indirectly with ultrasound. The SUA cord artery carried twice the blood volume of an artery in a three-vessel cord. Other flow parameters changed appropriately to explain the increased flow. For the anatomically normal fetus with SUA there was no increase in intrauterine growth restriction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood flow is expressed as F = Ñ´A/angle of insonation when measured indirectly by ultrasound and Doppler techniques [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Ñ = mean velocity; A = cross-sectional area of the vessel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric umbilical artery blood flow: comparison of the normal versus the single umbilical artery cord

Goldkrand

Pettigrew

Lentz

et al. 2001

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med

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show abstract

“…For this work we used a maximal dynamic dilation of the fetal aorta of 14.8 %, which was measured between the 30th and 36th week of pregnancy by Tonge et al [13], [14]. During pregnancy the arterial vessels of the mother are dilated to increase the perfusion of the body [6].…”

Section: B Experimental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phantom with pulsating artificial vessels for non-invasive fetal pulse oximetry

Laqua

Pollnow

Fischer

et al. 2014

2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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Arterial oxygen saturation of the fetus is an important parameter for monitoring its physical condition. During labor and delivery the transabdominal non-invasive fetal pulse oximetry could minimize the risk for mother and fetus, compared to other existing invasive examination methods. In this contribution, we developed a physical-like phantom to investigate new sensor circuits and algorithms of a non-invasive diagnostic method for fetal pulse oximetry. Hence, the developed artificial vascular system consists of two independent tube systems representing the maternal and fetal vessel system. The arterial blood pressure is reproduced with a pre-pressure and an artificial vascular system. Each pulse wave can be reproduced, by digital control of a proportional valve, adjustable viscoelastic elements, and resistances. The measurements are performed by pressure transducers, optical sensor units, and a coplanar capacitive sensor. Transmission and reflection measurements have shown that the fetal and maternal pulse waves can be reproduced qualitatively. The measured light represents the transabdominal modulated signal on an abdomen of a pregnant woman.

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“…It has become increasingly clear that measurements of blood flow velocity and in particular the vessel diameter for estimating volume flow in the fetal descending aorta, are subject to a number of inaccuracies [1,6]. One of the important factors in the study of arterial volume flow is the pulsatility of both the flow velocity and vessel diameter profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first derivative as a means of synchronizing pulsatile flow velocity and vessel diameter waveforms in the fetal descending aorta

Tonge¹,

Struijk²,

Kooten³

et al. 1988

Jpme

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Blood flow measurements in the fetal descending aorta: Technique and Clinics

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Volumetric umbilical artery blood flow: comparison of the normal versus the single umbilical artery cord

Volumetric umbilical artery blood flow: comparison of the normal versus the single umbilical artery cord

A phantom with pulsating artificial vessels for non-invasive fetal pulse oximetry

The first derivative as a means of synchronizing pulsatile flow velocity and vessel diameter waveforms in the fetal descending aorta

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