Blood Flow Measurements with [15O]H2O and [18F]Fluoride Ion PET in Porcine Vertebrae

Quantification of Skeletal Kinetic Indices in Paget's Disease Using Dynamic18F-Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography

“…At high flow rates, there is insufficient time for tracer to equilibrate with surrounding tissues, reducing the extraction efficiency such that K 1 is no longer proportional to blood flow, and at these high values it is likely that K 1 underestimates true regional blood flow. (15) Therefore, differences in K 1 between pagetic and normal bone represent the minimum difference in regional blood flow. An increase in blood flow in pagetic bone is well-recognized both clinically and experimentally.…”

“…In areas of high blood flow, such as that expected in pagetic bone, it is likely that E falls, and K 1 underestimates blood flow. (15) Rate constants describing the transport of fluoride ions between compartments include k 2 , describing the reverse transport from the extravascular bone compartment back to plasma, and k 3 and k 4 , describing entry and release from the bone mineral compartment, respectively.…”

Rapid bone and blood flow formation in impacted morselized allograftsPositron emission tomography (PET) studies on allografts in 5 femoral component revisions of total hip arthroplasty

“…The integration time was fixed at 180 seconds. Similar methods have been used to study bone blood flow quantitatively and been found to give reliable results (Ashcroft et al 1992, Piert et al 1998.…”

“…Likewise, for the K PAT to be meaningful in serial studies, the intra-and extracellular pools of native calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions are assumed to be relatively equal over time and between subjects. The Gjedde-Patlak plot has been compared and validated using 18 F against a full 3-compartmental model by several investigators (Hawkins et al 1992, Piert et al 1998. We also calculated Standardized Uptake Values (SUVs) from summed activity images 35-50 min after injection and from the static images obtained from secondary locations of the stem area.…”

“…We used [ 18 F]-fluoride PET to establish an index of regional bone metabolism, K PAT (Hawkins et al 1992, Piert et al 1998. K PAT defines the rate at which 18 F-ions are extracted from plasma and irreversibly deposited in bone mineral.…”