Blood Glucose Response of a Low-Carbohydrate Oral Nutritional Supplement with Isomaltulose and Soluble Dietary Fiber in Individuals with Prediabetes: A Randomized, Single-Blind Crossover Trial

Abstract

A high-energy-type oral dietary supplement (ONS), with a low proportion of available carbohydrate (LC-ONS), which contains a slowly digestible carbohydrate, isomaltulose, and is fortified with soluble dietary fiber, was newly developed for individuals with diabetes or prediabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of LC-ONS on blood glucose levels after ingestion in individuals with prediabetes. A single-blind, randomized crossover clinical trial was performed on 20 individuals with prediabetes. After overnight fasting, all subjects ingested one serving (200 kcal/125 mL) of either LC-ONS (40% energy proportion of available carbohydrates) or standard ONS (ST-ONS, 54% energy proportion of available carbohydrates) on two separate days. The incremental area under the curve of blood glucose levels for 120 min was significantly lower after LC-ONS ingestion compared to ST-ONS (2207 ± 391 mg/dL·min (least mean square value ± standard error) and 3735 ± 391 mg/dL·min, respectively; p < 0.001). The LC-ONS showed significantly lower blood glucose levels than the ST-ONS at all time points, except at baseline. Similarly, the incremental area under the curve of plasma insulin was significantly lower after LC-ONS ingestion. These results suggest that LC-ONS is useful as an ONS for energy supply in individuals with postprandial hyperglycemia.

Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes

“…ADA guidelines include the importance of diets with a low carbohydrate content in reducing HbA1c levels [ 107 ]. Numerous studies have supported the hypoglycemic effect of an LCD through decreased blood sugar and increased insulin sensitivity, leading to lowering oral antidiabetic medications, while also improving lipid parameters such as increased HDL cholesterol and decreased triglycerides [ 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 ]. Adherence to an LCD reduced the risk for T2DM in children and adolescents [ 112 ], while a diet high in carbohydrates increased the risk of T2DM [ 113 ], clearly demonstrating the importance of this macronutrient in glucose homeostasis.…”

Effect of a diabetes-specific formula in non-diabetic inpatients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial

“…Diabetes-specific formulas were developed as a method to avoid enteral nutrition-related hyperglycaemia in patients with diabetes. These formulas usually have a reduction of energy from carbohydrates and a replacement with energy from lipids or proteins; the use of carbohydrates with a low glycaemic index such as lactose or isomaltulose; and/or an increase in the amount of soluble fibre to decrease glucose absorption [14]. In addition, some of these formulas are enriched in monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to have a benefit in the lipid profile [15].…”

HILIC Separation Methods on Poly-Hydroxyl Stationary Phases for Determination of Common Saccharides with Evaporative Light-Scattering Detector and Rapid Determination of Isomaltulose in Protein-Rich Food Supplements

“…Isomaltulose has also become popular as a part of "healthy" or "complete food" [16]. The use of isomaltulose (Palatinose) has also led to clinical trials exploring its potential benefits in dietary supplements not only for enhancing physical performance [17], but also in pre-diabetes and diabetes treatment [18][19][20].…”